政治经济学批判视域中的《黑格尔法哲学批判》  

Studies of Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right from the Perspective of Political Economy

作　　者：周嘉昕[1] Zhou Jiaxin

机构地区：[1]南京大学马克思主义社会理论研究中心暨哲学系,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《马克思主义理论学科研究》2020年第3期24-34,共11页Studies on Marxist Theory

摘　　要：在《黑格尔法哲学批判》手稿中,马克思主要是化用费尔巴哈人本主义主谓颠倒的方法,批判了黑格尔国家观中存在的私有财产的神秘主义,但是这一批判蕴含着马克思对市民社会内部结构特别是不同形式私有财产运动的新的理解。对以土地私有财产为典型的私有财产的神秘主义的批判,构成了马克思最初研究政治经济学的直接问题引导。正是在政治经济学研究中,马克思实现了对私有财产背后的物质生活关系的发现和探索,并确立了唯物史观。黑格尔法哲学中的神秘主义,只有在剩余价值理论或者资本主义生产方式拜物教批判的意义上才得到了彻底的说明。因此,对《黑格尔法哲学批判》手稿的定位和理解,需要在唯物主义转变和政治哲学讨论的基础上,进一步推进到政治经济学批判或资本主义生产方式批判的意义上。This paper attempts to prove that,in Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right Marx criticizes the mysticism of private property in Hegel’s state theory,with an appropriation of Feuerbach’s humanistic method of reversing the subject and the predicate;this critique contained new understandings of the internal structure of civil society and the movement of private property in different forms as well.The critique of the mysticism of private property which happened in land property typically constitutes the direct guidance of Marx’s first studies of political economy.It is in the studies of political economy that Marx focused himself on the relations of material life and production beneath the private property,in which historical materialism was made.The mysticism in Hegel’s philosophy of right can only be explained thoroughly based on the surplus value theory or the critique of the fetishism in capitalist mode of production.Therefore,to understand the full meaning of Hegel’s Critique of Philosophy of Right,we had better promote the studies from the discussions of materialist change and political philosophy to the critique of political economy or the critique of capitalist mode of production.

关 键 词：私有财产 市民社会 唯物主义 主谓颠倒 神秘主义 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]