2018年南黄海浒苔绿潮迁移发展规律与营养盐相互关系探究  

Study on the coupling relationship between the development of Ulva prolifera green tide and nutrients in the southern Yellow Sea in 2018

作　　者：张海波[1] 刘珂 苏荣国[1] 石晓勇[1,2] 裴绍峰 王修林[1] 王国善[2] 王爽 Zhang Haibo;Liu Ke;Su Rongguo;Shi Xiaoyong;Pei Shaofeng;Wang Xiulin;Wang Guoshan;Wang Shuang(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100194,China;Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Biogeosciences,China Geological Survey,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学化学化工学院,山东青岛266100 [2]自然资源部海洋减灾中心,北京100194 [3]中国地质调查局滨海湿地生物地质重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋学报》2020年第8期30-39,共10页

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1402101);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(201961011);国家自然科学基金(41306175);国家海洋局海洋减灾中心科研项目(2014AA060)。

摘　　要：根据2018年4月(春季,绿潮前期)和7月(夏季,绿潮后期)南黄海营养盐、温度、盐度等水文参数及每日绿潮卫星监测数据,深入分析2018年绿潮的发展规律与营养盐结构特征之间的关系。结果表明:4月25在江苏南通外海首次发现浒苔绿潮,8月中旬在山东半岛近海消亡,其发展区域集中在122°E以西近海,且快速增殖阶段处在35°N以南江苏近海。各组分的营养盐浓度受沿岸径流、冷水团及生物作用等因素影响,均呈现江苏近海高外海以及北部低的特征。对比绿潮发展和营养盐分布呈现3个明显的绿潮-营养盐特征区域:高营养盐-绿潮快速发展区域(35°N以南,122°E以西,江苏近海);低营养盐-绿潮消亡区域(35°N以北,122°E以西,山东半岛外海域)及122°E以东外海无绿潮区域。不同特征区营养盐变化表明,江苏近岸较高的营养盐含量(NO_3^--N>6.5μmol/L, PO_4^(3-)-P>0.27μmol/L)和丰富来源是浒苔萌发和绿潮快速发展的重要物质基础,为绿潮发展提供了主要的氮、磷生源要素。北部山东半岛南外海较低的营养盐水平(7月,DIN<2μmol/L, PO_4^(3-)-P<0.03μmol/L)是限制绿潮继续发展的重要因素。Based on the nutrients and hydrological environment parameters collected during April(spring,before green tides)and July(summer,later stage of green tides)cruise,and the daily satellite monitoring data of green tides in the southern Yellow Sea(SYS)in 2018,we studied the spatio-temporal variations of the floating Ulva prolifera green tide and it's relationship with nutrients.The results showed that small scales of floating U.prolifera patches were firstly observed in the coastal area of Nantong,Jiangsu Province on April 25,and decomposed and disappeared in the coast of Shandong Peninsula in the mid-August.The trajectory area of floating green tides was mainly in the western of 122°E in the SYS,and the rapid growth phase of green tides existed in the south of 35°N,nearshore area of Jiangsu Province.Nutrients showed regional characteristics of high values in the coastal area of Jiangsu Province and low values in the offshore of the northern and eastern parts of the study area,which influenced by the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass,freshwater influx,biological uptake and utilization,and other factors.Compared with the development trend of green tides and distributions of nutrients,there were three distinct characteristic zones with different nutrients conditions and stages of green tides:the coastal area of Jiangsu Province(south of 35°N,east of 122°E),characterized with high-value nutrients and rapid growth of green tides;the offshore area of Shandong Peninsula(north of 35°N,east of 122°E),characterized with low nutrients and dissipation phase of green tides;the east sea of 122°E,characterized with no green tides.The nutrients variations in different characteristic zones indicated that rich and sufficient nutrients(NO-3-N>6.5μmol/L,PO3- 4-P>0.27μmol/L),and continuous nutrients inputs were the main factors contributing the germination and rapid growth of U.prolifera,and provided main N,P elements for the development of green tides in the coastal area of Jiangsu Province.The poor nutrients(DIN<2μmol/L,PO3-4-P<0.0

关 键 词：绿潮 浒苔 营养盐 发展阶段 南黄海 时空变化 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程] Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]