运动领域长期和短期心理疲劳的理论比较  

Theoretical Comparison on Burnout and Mental Fatigue in the Sports Field

作　　者：李四化[1] LI Si-Hua(Teaching and Research Section of Psychology and Education,Capital University of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]首都体育学院心理学与教育学教研室,北京100191

出　　处：《福建体育科技》2020年第4期21-24,共4页Fujian Sports Science and Technology

摘　　要：为比较运动领域长期和短期心理疲劳,从理论解释、发生机制和测量方法对二者进行了辨析。长期心理疲劳有压力、自我决定等理论模型;短期心理疲劳可从注意和唤醒角度理解。长期心理疲劳侧重探讨发生原因、影响因素,中枢机理研究不足;短期心理疲劳可借鉴脑力疲劳发生机制,着重在中枢机理。一般从心理、生化和生理方面测量长期心理疲劳,但认知分析技术使用少;短期心理疲劳有心理测试、行为表现和生理测量等手段,其事件相关电位成果丰硕。In order to clarify the relationship between burnout and mental fatigue in the sports field,it is significant to identify their theory,mechanism and measurement.The theories of burnout were mature,including pressure model,self-determination theory etc.Mental fatigue was explained from the aspects of attention and arousal.About mechanism,the study emphases of burnout were occurrence reasons and influencing factors,central mechanism was rarely mentioned.However,it was the main content in the studies of mental fatigue.Burnout was generally measured by psychological,biochemical and physiological methods,but cognitive analysis technique was very few used.Mental fatigue was observed by psychological testing,behavioral data and physiological index,specifically,the event related potential study was abundant.

关 键 词：运动领域 长期心理疲劳 短期心理疲劳 理论解释 发生机制 测量方法 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]