论国家资格理论在实践中的适用——以民国时期西藏为视角  

The Application of Statehood Theoryin Practice——From the Perspective of Tibet in the Period of the Republic of China

作　　者：曾皓[1] ZENG Hao(Law School of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学法学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《时代法学》2020年第4期50-62,共13页Presentday Law Science

基　　金：2018年国家社科基金重大项目“中印关系中的重大国际法问题研究”(项目编号:18ZDA154)之阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：西藏自古以来就是中国不可分割的一部分。在民国时期,西藏地区就属于中国的领土,西藏地区的居民也属于中国公民,西藏地方当局是中国地方政府,其所拥有的权力是经中国中央政府赋予与认可的自治权。因此,民国时期的西藏不具备国家资格。而且,民国时期中国中央政府以多种形式对西藏宣示与行使主权,逐步恢复对西藏的统辖关系,有效制止了英国殖民者与西藏上层集团少数分裂势力图谋将西藏从中国分离出去的活动。这些国家权威行为足以证明中国对西藏拥有主权。因此,西藏不具有国际法主体地位,它只是中国一个的省级行政区域。Tibet has been an integral part of China since ancient times.During the period of Republic of China,Tibet belongs to China's territory,Tibetans belong to Chinese citizens,the local authoritiesof Tibet belong to the local government of China,and the power owned by Tibet belongs to the autonomy granted and recognized by the central government of China.So,Tibet does not possess statehood,and it is not independentde facto country.Moreover,central government of China has declared its sovereignty over Tibet in many forms.For example,central government of China gradually restored its jurisdiction over Tibet,and stopped the separation of Tibet from Chinaby British colonists and a handful ofseparatistsin the Tibet ruling elite.These facts are enough to prove China's sovereignty over Tibet.Therefore,Tibet did not have the status of subject of international law.Tibet is only a provincial administrative region in China.

关 键 词：民国时期 西藏 国家资格 国际法律地位 主权 

分 类 号：D993[政治法律—国际法学]