共轨喷油器针阀偶件流动仿真分析  

Flow Simulation for Needle Valve Coupling Parts of Common Rail Injector

作　　者：王晓刚 奚星 徐春龙 余锡洋 余志毅[1] WANG Xiaogang;XI Xing;XU Chunlong;YU Xiyang;YU Zhiyi(Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;China North Engine Research Institute(Tianjin),Tianjin 300400,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学,北京100081 [2]中国北方发动机研究所(天津),天津300400

出　　处：《车用发动机》2020年第4期25-30,共6页Vehicle Engine

摘　　要：以某新型大流量共轨喷油器喷嘴为研究对象,基于ANSYS CFX平台建立了喷嘴的三维定常流动模型。以经典的Winklhofer准二维流动试验作为计算模型的验证依据,从宏观的出口流速到微观的内部空化发展情况角度,证明了计算模型选择的合理性。基于1/8喷嘴模型进行了喷嘴流动性能仿真,分析了局部湍动能分布、柴油蒸气含量、速度矢量以及出口流速等。结果显示,该喷油器有着较大区间的压力适应性,适当增大喷油孔入口倒角半径、维持针阀锥角在合理范围内均有利于流动性能的提升。研究结果从一定角度解释了喷嘴内部流动损失的形成机理。Based on ANSYS CFX platform,a steady three-dimensional simulation model was established to study the cavitation and flow characteristics of a new-typed common rail injector.The typical Winklhofer quasi-two-dimensional flow experiment was used to verify the calculation model and the model was finally proved to be flexible from the macroscopic mass flow rate to the microscopic internal cavitation.Based on the 1/8 nozzle model,the flow performance of nozzle was analyzed including the distribution of the turbulent kinetic energy,the diesel vapor fraction,the velocity vector and the mass flow rate of nozzles.The results show that the injector has a wide range of pressure adaptability.The flow performance can improve by increasing the inlet chamfer radius of jet orifice appropriately and maintaining a reasonable needle valve cone angle.The mechanism of flow loss inside the nozzle is also clarified from a certain point of view.

关 键 词：共轨喷油器 喷嘴 流动特性 空化 高压喷射 

分 类 号：TK423.84[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]