不同温度和容器保存对新鲜母乳成分的影响  

Effects of storage temperatures and containers on fresh breast milk ingredients

作　　者：王书兰[1] 孙秀红[1] 孙智勇[1] 王静竹[1] 彭峰[1] 高燕[1] 祝巍[1] 高嵩 宋丽莹[1] 周翠平[1] 徐健[1] Wang Shulan;Sun Xiuhong;Sun Zhiyong;Wang Jingzhu;Peng Feng;Gao Yan;Zhu Wei;Gao Song;Song Liying;Zhou Cuiping;Xu Jian(Department of Neonatology,Jilin Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Changchun 130000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省妇幼保健院新生儿科,长春130000

出　　处：《中华新生儿科杂志（中英文）》2020年第4期276-280,共5页Chinese Journal of Neonatology

摘　　要：目的探讨不同温度和容器保存对新鲜母乳成分的影响,寻找保存新鲜母乳的最佳方法。方法收集2018年1~3月吉林省妇幼保健院60例产后30 d健康产妇的新鲜母乳各120 ml,每例产妇的母乳均等分为15份,1份为新鲜母乳,7份分装在聚乙烯储奶袋中,7份分装在聚乙烯储奶瓶中。储奶袋和储奶瓶中母乳分别保存于4℃(各3份)、-18℃(各2份)和-20℃(各2份)冰箱,4℃分别保存48、72、96 h,-18℃和-20℃分别保存30 d和90 d。检测新鲜母乳及不同保存方式母乳中细菌菌落总数、热卡、脂肪、蛋白质、乳糖、免疫活性因子(肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素6、白细胞介素10、乳铁蛋白)含量等。结果与新鲜母乳比较,(1)4℃保存48、72、96 h总菌落计数上升;-18℃和-20℃保存30、90 d菌落数下降,但差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)4℃保存72、96 h脂肪下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),蛋白质、乳糖、热卡至96 h时差异仍无统计学意义(P>0.05);-18℃和-20℃保存30 d脂肪、蛋白质、热卡均有所下降,90 d显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)4℃保存72、96 h肿瘤坏死因子α下降,-18℃保存30、90 d上升,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);4℃保存72、96 h,-18℃保存30、90 d白细胞介素6呈逐渐下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);白细胞介素10含量呈上升趋势,但仅-18℃保存30、90 d差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);-20℃和-18℃同期保存条件下肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素6、白细胞介素10含量接近。与聚乙烯储奶袋储存母乳相比,聚乙烯储奶瓶储存母乳对母乳营养成分和免疫活性因子影响相对较小,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论低温保存母乳的不同时长对母乳主要营养素及一部分免疫活性因子具有一定影响。短时保存以冷藏为宜,时间不超过72 h,长期保存以-18℃冷冻为宜。聚乙烯储奶袋或储奶瓶储存母乳对母乳营养成分和免疫活性因子无明�Objective To study the effects of different storage conditions including temperature and container material on the fresh breast milk compositions and to find the best way to preserve fresh breast milk.Method The 120 ml fresh breast milk samples from 60 healthy mothers within 30 d after delivery were collected in our hospital in January to March 2018.Each of the sample was divided into 15 portions.1 portion was used as control and was analyzed immediately.7 portions were packed in polyethylene milk bags,and the remaining 7 portions were packed in polyethylene milk bottles.Each pair of the bag milk and bottle milk was stored at different temperatures:4℃(3 pairs)-18℃(2 pairs)and-20℃(2 pairs).Composition analysis were examined at different timepoints:4℃at 48,72 and 96 h;-18℃and-20℃at 30 d and 90 d.The total number of bacterial colonies,calories,lipid,protein,lactose and immunoreactive factors(TNF-α、interleukin-6,interleukin-10,lactoferrin)were detected and compared.Result Compared with fresh breast milk,(1)The total number of bacterial colonies increased after 48 h,72 h and 96 h of storage at 4℃,and reduced at-18℃and-20℃,but no significant differences existed;(2)The lipid level decreased after 72 h and 96 h of storage at 4℃,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).No significant differences existed in calories,protein and lactose levels after 96 h of storage at-18℃(P>0.05).The lipid,protein and energy in breast milk decreased after 30 d of storage.All the nutrients decreased significantly after 90 d of storage(P<0.05).(3)TNF-αdecreased after 72 h and 96 h of storage at 4℃,but elevated at-18℃after stored for 30 d and 90 d.All the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After 72 h and 96 h of storage at 4℃,and 30 d and 90 d at-18℃,IL-6 was declining in a time-dependent manner(P<0.05).IL-10 showed significant elevation stored at-18℃for 30 d and 90 d(P<0.05).No significant differences existed for TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-10 in breast milk stored at-18℃and-20℃fo

关 键 词：母乳成分 低温储存 储奶容器 

分 类 号：R174.4[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]