我国居家养老社区服务均等化分析框架与实证探索——基于北京、南京、咸阳三市的调查  

Analysis Framework and Empirical Research on the Equalization of Home Care Community Service For the Aged in China:Based on the Investigation of Beijing,Nanjing and Xianyang

作　　者：王振振 何邦倩 雍岚[2] WANG Zhen-zhen;HEBang-qian;YONG Lan

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学大学公共管理学院 [2]西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院

出　　处：《科学决策》2020年第7期49-69,共21页Scientific Decision Making

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(项目编号:15BRK003)。

摘　　要：在推进基本养老服务均等化过程中,如何科学度量、分析均等化始终是学界关注的一个热门议题.在对均等化概念、衡量标准和分析框架进行阐释的基础上,明确提出居家养老社区服务均等化的概念认知和评判标准.同时,借鉴"居家养老社区服务可及性分析框架"构建了"居家养老社区服务均等化的分析框架".基于北京、南京和咸阳三地实地调研数据,运用方差分析(ANOVA)方法对居家养老社区服务均等化进行评估分析.结果显示:整体来看,居家养老社区服务在地区之间、城乡之间均存在"不均等"现象;分阶段来看,居家养老社区服务在地区之间、城乡之间存在"起点不均等"、"过程不均等"现象,城乡之间已基本实现了"结果均等".之后,进一步从公共财政投入差异,地区之间进入老龄化社会的时间、严重程度以及社会力量参与度等方面分析探讨居家养老社区服务"不均等"的内在原因并提出对策建议.研究成果对实现居家养老社区服务均等化具有重要的指导作用.In the process of promoting the equalization of home care community service,how to scientifically measure and analyze the equalization has always been a hot topic of academic concern.Based on the interpretation of the concept,measurement standard and analysis framework of equalization,the cognition and evaluation criteria of equalization of community service for home-based elderly care are clarified.Andusing the"analysis framework of the access to home care community service for the elderly"as reference,the"analysis framework of equalization of home care community service for the elderly"is constructed.Then,based on the field survey data of Beijing,Nanjing and Xianyang,this paper uses ANOVA method to evaluate and analyze the equalization of community service for home-based elderly care。The results showed that:On the whole,there is"inequality"in the community service of home-based care among regions and between urban and rural areas;From the perspective of stages,there are"unequal starting point"and"unequal process"between regions and between urban and rural areas,and"equal results"has been achieved between urban and rural areas.After that,this paper further analyzes the internal causes of the"inequality"of community services for homebased elderly care from the aspects of the difference of public financial investment,the time and severity of entering the aging society between regions,and the participation of social forces,and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions.The research results have an important guiding role in the realization of equalization of community services for home-based elderly care.

关 键 词：居家养老社区服务 均等化 可及性 方差分析 

分 类 号：C913.7[经济管理]