立体生态景观的适应性重构--山地城市河流护岸草本植物群落生态种植  

AN ADAPTIVE MULTI-LAYERED ECOLOGICAL LANDSCAPE:THE ECOLOGICAL PLANTING OF HERBACEOUS COMMUNITIES ON RIVER REVETMENTS IN MOUNTAINOUS CITY

作　　者：袁嘉 陈炼 罗嘉琪 张冠雄 游奉溢 田乐(翻译) 肖杰(翻译) 王颖(翻译) 张健(翻译) YUAN Jia;CHEN Lian;LUO Jiaqi;ZHANG Guanxiong;YOU Fengyi;Tina TIAN;XIAO Jie;WANG Ying;Angus ZHANG(the School of Architecture and Urban Planning,the Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area,Chongqing University;the CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences;School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Chongqing University;College of Environment and Ecology,Chongqing University;Chongqing Qianzhou Eco-Environmental Engineering Co.,Ltd.;不详)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学建筑城规学院,山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室 [2]中国科学院成都生物研究所山地生态恢复与生物资源利用重点实验室生态恢复与生物多样性保育四川省重点实验室 [3]重庆大学建筑城规学院 [4]重庆大学环境与生态学院 [5]重庆千洲生态环境工程有限公司 [6]不详

出　　处：《景观设计学（中英文）》2020年第3期44-57,共14页Landscape Architecture Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“山地城市水敏性区域草本植物群落适应性设计研究”(编号:51808065);中央高校基本科研业务费项目“山地城市江岸景观的植物群落适应性设计研究”(编号:2020CDJQY-A010);中国科学院成都生物研究所山地生态恢复与生物资源利用重点实验室生态恢复与生物多样性保育四川省重点实验室开放课题“川西地区野花草甸种质资源调查及应用设计研究”(编号:KXYSWS2001)。

摘　　要：植物群落是为山地城市河岸景观提供固岸护岸、泥沙拦截、水体净化、生态缓冲、生物多样性保育及景观美化等复合生态功能的重要载体。山地城市水文过程复杂多变,对河岸景观中植物群落的结构、功能和生态过程形成逆境胁迫。研究基于重庆市九龙外滩河流护岸的修复实践,提出了以顺应水文特征的分带分段优化种植和多层拟自然野花草甸配置为主体的河岸草本植物群落生态种植技术框架,进而阐述了山地城市河流护岸草本植物景观的生态种植设计与实践的原则与模式,最后评估了草本植物群落所发挥的生态效益,发现草本群落能够应对夏季山地河流的陡涨陡落与高温干旱的交替作用,以及暴雨径流冲刷等复杂山地城市水文条件。研究可为长江干流河岸景观优化提供科学参考,为长江生态大保护与长江上游重要生态屏障建设提供实践应用范式。Plant communities in mountainous cities play significant roles in revetment protection,sediment interception,water purification,ecological buffer,biodiversity conservation,and landscape quality improvement.Meanwhile,the local complex hydrologic conditions may pose adversity stress to the structure,function,and ecological process of these plant communities.This paper introduces the restoration practices of river revetments in the Jiulong Waitan section of Chongqing employing ecological planting strategies.First,a technical framework was proposed for the re-establishment of riparian herbaceous communities as the multilayered semi-natural meadows that were planted by strips and zones upon hydrologic conditions.Second,principles and modes of these ecological planting practices were elaborated.Third,an evaluation on the communities’performance indicated that they could adapt to the complex hydrological conditions in mountainous cities,including sharp rise and fall of river level during summer floods,high temperature,and storm runoff.This study may provide a scientific reference for riverfront landscape optimization of the main stream of the Yangtze River,and a paradigm for the ecological conservation and the establishment of ecological barrier for the upper reaches.

关 键 词：草本植物群落 河流护岸 水文条件 生态种植 适应性 山地城市 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] S688[农业科学—观赏园艺]