明清时期军屯制度对南岭山地乡村聚落变迁的影响——以蓝山县南部村落为例  

The Impact of Military Garrison System on the Changing of Southern Mountainous Rural Settlements during Ming and Qing Dynasties——A Case Study of the Area in the South Lanshan County

作　　者：欧阳琳浩 谢湜[2,3] 梁育填[1,2] OUYANG Linhao;XIE Shi;LIANG Yutian(School of Geography and Planning,Sun Yan-sen University,Guangzhou,510275;Centre for Historical Geography,Sun Yan-sen University,Guangzhou,510275;Centre for Historical Anthropology,Sun Yan-sen University,Guangzhou,510275)

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广东广州510275 [2]中山大学历史人类学研究中心,广东广州510275 [3]中山大学历史地理研究中心,广东广州510275

出　　处：《中国历史地理论丛》2020年第3期58-68,共11页Journal of Chinese Historical Geography

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“明清南岭山地的聚落与族群研究”(15JJD770020);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“古代环南中国海开发与地域社会变迁研究”(16JZD034);中组部“万人计划”青年拔尖人才支持计划;2016年广东省宣传文化发展专项资金。

摘　　要：南岭山地作为沟通中国内陆与沿海以及南中国周边地区的重要通道,是多族群分布区。通过以南岭地区蓝山县南部400多个村落为对象,本研究充分挖掘该区域的历史资料和数据,从历史文献分析出发,结合历史地理学和历史人类学的方法,通过GIS的构建,分析明清时期军屯卫所对南岭山地乡村聚落变迁的影响。研究结果表明,明清卫所军屯的转型及其带来的土地拓展趋势,一方面造成社会组织的重组,一方面使得人群和聚落关系发生改变,导致瑶人瑶地向更高海拔的山地集中,造成了部分村落间的依附格局。这一进程形塑了南岭山地存留至今的历史事实和族群聚落景观。The southern mountainous region is an important connecting passage of the hinterland,the coastal region as well as the other neighboring areas of South China.It is also an administrative unit of diverse ethnic groups.Based on archival studies of historical documents,and data of over four hundred villages,combining the methods both of historical geography and historical anthropology,together with applying of GIS,this paper examines the influences of military garrison system on the changing of rural settlements in the southern mountainous region during Ming and Qing dynasties.It shows that the land reclamation and the transformation of military garrison system on the one side re-organized local social organizations;on the other side changed spatial pattern of the settlements,led to the Yao peoples and their land moved up the higher areas,resulted in the relations of dependence among some villages.This process shaped existing landscape of settlement in southern mountainous region that remaining from the past to nowadays.

关 键 词：南岭山地 卫所军屯 乡村聚落 族群 景观 

分 类 号：K978[历史地理—人文地理学]