隧道爆破引起路基边坡振动信号的规律研究  

On the Law of Roadbed Slope Vibration Caused by Tunnel Blasting

作　　者：樊祥喜 曹保山 单仁亮[3] 张有博 魏海兵 宋永威 刘健[3] FAN Xiangxi;CAO Baoshan;SHAN Renliang;ZHANG Youbo;WEI Haibing;SONG Yongwei;LIU Jian(China Construction Shandong Investment Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250101;China Construction Port Group Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266000;School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Beijing 100083;China State Construction Engineering Corporation,Beijing 100037)

机构地区：[1]中建山东投资有限公司,济南250101 [2]中建筑港集团有限公司,青岛266000 [3]中国矿业大学(北京)力学与建筑工程学院,北京100083 [4]中国建筑股份有限公司,北京100037

出　　处：《现代隧道技术》2020年第4期127-135,共9页Modern Tunnelling Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41572270);中建股份科技研发计划(CSCEC-2017-Z-20)。

摘　　要：为研究精细化延时控制爆破引起的边坡振动信号的规律,文章以黑峪隧道改扩建洞口精细化控制爆破施工为工程背景,引入等效药量、等效距离,采用量纲分析法建立新的振速衰减公式;基于4次实测数据,对其进行拟合验证,并与萨道夫斯基公式进行对比;采用小波包分析法,研究其振动能量的分布规律。结果表明:传统的萨道夫斯基公式对本工程的预测误差较大,高达27.39%,且普遍小于实测振速,不利于指导施工,而改进经验公式预测误差最大为18.41%,说明改进公式具有良好的适用性;爆破振动能量主要集中在0~109.375 Hz范围内,但在0~46.875 Hz范围的能量最为集中,大于109.375 Hz的振动能量只有1%左右;随着距离的增加,振动能量向低频部分集中,高频能量逐渐被岩体吸收。In order to study the law of slope vibration caused by fine delay control blasting,equivalent charge and equivalent distance are introduced and a new formula of vibration velocity attenuation is established using dimen⁃sional analysis method by taking the fine delay control blasting at the entrance of Heiyu tunnel reconstruction and extension as the engineering background;based on the measured data of four times of test,fitting verification is con⁃ducted and a comparison with Sodev′s empirical formula is carried out.Wavelet packet analysis is adopted to study the distribution of vibration energy.The research shows that:the prediction error of traditional Sodev′s formula is as high as 27.39%regarding this project,and the measured vibration velocity is generally larger than the calculated one,which is not conducive to guiding construction,while the max.prediction error of the improved empirical formu⁃la is 18.41%,indicating that the improved formula has good applicability;the blasting vibration energy is mainly concentrated in the range of 0-109.375 Hz and it is mostly concentrated in the range of 0-46.875 Hz,around 1%of vibration energy is larger than 109.375 Hz;As the distance increases,the vibration energy concentrates the area of low frequencies,and the high-frequency energy is gradually absorbed by the rock mass.

关 键 词：隧道爆破 边坡振速 等效药量 等效距离 量纲分析法 改进萨道夫斯基公式 小波包分析法 爆破振动能量 

分 类 号：U455.6[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程] U457.6[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]