稀土元素和铅共同暴露对儿童智力的影响  

Effects of co-exposure to rare earth elements and lead on children′s intelligence

作　　者：黄凤兰 王贺 陈荔 王永伟 HUANG Fenglan;WANG He;CHEN Li;WANG Yongwei(West China School of Public Health,Sichuan University/West China Fourth Hospital,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《现代医药卫生》2020年第16期2534-2538,共5页Journal of Modern Medicine & Health

摘　　要：目的研究轻稀土矿附近的稀土元素和铅共同暴露对儿童智力的影响。方法随机选取轻稀土矿区自然村内91例6~16岁儿童作为研究对象。采用瑞文标准推理测验对儿童进行智力测定,通过电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定儿童头发中稀土元素和铅的体内负荷水平,分析稀土元素与铅共同暴露对儿童智力的影响。结果儿童头发中均能检出15种稀土元素,浓度排名前3位分别为Ce、La、Nd,与该稀土矿区的单一氟碳铈型稀土矿成分相符合。在该稀土矿区周边自然村中,儿童头发中稀土元素和铅浓度较高,头发铅(简称发铅)浓度异常率为57.1%,智力异常率为47.3%;随着儿童发铅和头发稀土(简称发稀土)浓度元素分级的增加,儿童智商异常率有升高趋势,但不同发铅、发稀土等级儿童智商异常率之间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对4个模型拟合情况进行检验(LR test),随着自变量的梯次引入,模型的拟合效果有不同程度改善,拟合模型的决定系数R 2由0.17增加到0.33。结论稀土元素和铅共同暴露对儿童智力的影响效应存在交互作用。Objective To study the effect of rare earth elements and lead near the light rare earth mine on children′s intelligence.Methods A total of 91 children were randomly selected from 6 to 16 years old in natural villages in the light rare earth mining area as the research object.The Raven standard inference test was used to measure the intelligence of children.Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)was used to determine the body load levels of rare earth elements and lead in children′s hair.Tried to analyze the influence of rare earth element and lead exposure on children′s intelligence.Results Fifteen rare earth elements were detected in children′s hair.The top three concentrations were Ce,La,and Nd,respectively,which was in accordance with the composition of single fluorinated cerium rare earth mineral in the rare earth mining area.In the natural villages around the rare earth mining area,the concentration of rare earth elements and lead in children′s hair was relatively high,the abnormal rate of hair lead concentration was 57.1%,and the abnormal rate of intelligence was 47.3%.With the increase of children′s hair lead concentration and hair rare earth concentration element classification,the abnormal rate of children′s IQ had an increasing trend.However,there were no statistically significant differences between children with different hair lead concentrations and hair rare earth concentration levels in IQ abnormalities(P>0.05).LR test was carried out on the fitting of the four models.With the introduction of independent variables,the fitting effect of the model was improved to varying degrees.The coefficient of determination of the fitted model R 2 was increased from 0.17 to 0.33.Conclusion There is an interaction between the effects of rare earth elements and lead on children′s intelligence.

关 键 词：儿童 发稀土 发铅 智力 影响因素 

分 类 号：R124[医药卫生—环境卫生学]