社区孕妇孕期体重自我管理状况和一般自我效能影响因素调查  

Investigation on influencing factors of self-management of pregnancy weight and general self-efficacy of pregnant women in community

作　　者：刘炜[1] 栾召华 龚定宏 魏素平[1] 徐奇 LIU Wei;LUAN Zhao-hua;GONG Ding-hong;WEI Su-ping;XU Qi(Hudong Communiry Health Serice Center,Pudong New Area,Shanghai 200129,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区沪东社区卫生服务中心,上海200129 [2]上海市浦东新区航头鹤沙社区卫生服务中心,上海201317

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2020年第10期1702-1706,共5页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：上海浦东新区卫生、计生科技项目(PW2016C-19)。

摘　　要：目的探讨孕妇孕期体重自我管理、自我效能及社会支持状况,为有效控制孕期体重增长提供依据。方法选取2017年1月-2018年4月上海某社区早孕建册的孕妇1041例为研究对象,早孕期采用一般自我效能量表、社会支持量表进行问卷调查,分娩后根据美国医学研究所体重增加指南,分为孕期体重增长过多组和体重增长正常组,以自拟的孕期体重管理问卷进行调查,并对影响体重增长的因素进行分析。结果有效调查900例,孕期体重增长正常组507例(56.3%),一般自我效能平均得分为(2.83±0.53)分,社会支持量表平均得分为(36.28±5.23)分;孕期体重增长过多组393例(43.7%),一般自我效能感得分为(2.49±0.58)分,社会支持量表得分为(34.07±5.80)分。lLogistice回归分析显示:一般自我效能感、社会支持状况、产检医生是否固定、对医生指导的配合度、停止工作的孕周和年龄、产检医生对孕期体重增长的重视程度、孕前体重指数是孕期体重增长是否过多的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论社区医生在早孕期应加强孕妇规范化的体重管理,同时进行一般自我效能感、社会支持状况评估,可为有效体重管理提供依据。Objective To explore the self-management,sel-efficacy and social support of pregnant women during preg-nancy,and to provide evidence for effective control of weight gain during pregnancy.Methods A total of 1041 pregnant women with early pregnancy in a community in Shanghai from January 2017 to April 2018 were selected as the research object.General self-efficacy scale and social support rating scale were conducted in early pregnancy.After delivery,ac-cording to the weight gain guidelines of the American Institute of Medicine(I0M),they were divided into two groups:the group with excessive weight gain during pregnancy and the group with normal weight gain.The self-designed question-naire of weight management in pregnancy was used to investigate and analyze the factors influencing weight growth.Re-sults Total 900 cases were investigated ffctively.There were 507 cases(56.3%)with normal weight gain,the score of general self-efficacy scale was 2.83±0.53,and the score of social support rating scale was 36.28±5.23.There were 393 cases(43.7%)with excessive weight gain,the score of general self-efficacy scale was2.49±0.58,the score of so-cial support rating scale was 34.07±5.80.Logistic regression analysis showed that general self-efficacy,the status of so-cial support,whether the medical examiner was fixed,the degree of cooperation with the guidance of the physicians,the pregnancy week of the cessation of work and age,the level of concern about weight gain by obstetrical physician and pre-pregnancy body mass index were the influencing factors of whether the weight gain was excessive during pregnancy(all P<0.05).Conclusion Community doctors should strengthen the standardized weight management of pregnant wormen in early pregnancy,and evaluate the general self-efcacy and social support,which can provide basis for ffctive weight management.

关 键 词：孕妇 体重自我管理 一般自我效能 社会支持 影响因素 

分 类 号：R715.3[医药卫生—妇产科学] R499[医药卫生—临床医学]