中国海洋可再生能源技术进展  

Technical progress of marine renewable energy in China

作　　者：刘伟民 刘蕾 陈凤云 麻常雷[2] 葛云征 彭景平 LIU Weimin;LIU Lei;CHEN Fengyun;MA Changlei;GE Yunzheng;PENG Jingping(First Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Qingdao 266061,China;National Ocean Technology Center,Tianjin 300112,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部第一海洋研究所,青岛266061 [2]国家海洋技术中心,天津300112

出　　处：《科技导报》2020年第14期27-39,共13页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41976204);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51709055);中韩海洋能源开发与利用技术交流合作(PI-2018-4);青岛市蓝色经济区建设专项资金扶持项目(Q1402)。

摘　　要：综述了现阶段中国潮汐能、潮流能、波浪能、温差能等海洋可再生能源的技术进展,将中国江厦4.1 MW潮汐能电站、浙江大学650 kW潮流能电站、中国科学院广州能源研究所500 kW波浪能电站、自然资源部第一海洋研究所15 kW温差能电站在关键技术参数和装置规模上与国外先进的海洋能装置进行了比较。中国在发电关键技术能量转化效率方面总体上接近国际先进水平,但在装机功率、海试时间及装置可靠性上仍存在一定的差距。建议在研发关键获能技术的同时,开展海洋能装备共性技术的研发,以提高海洋能装置运行的可靠性和安全性。同时,积极开展海洋能绿色技术和海洋能综合利用的研究,促进海洋能关键技术的转化,推进海洋能装备的产业化进程。This paper reviews the technical progress of power generation devices of tidal energy,tidal current energy,wave energy,ocean thermal energy and salinity gradient energy in China.The 4.1 MW Jiangxia tidal power station,650 k W tidal current energy power station of Zhejiang University,500 k W wave energy power station of Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences and 15 k W ocean thermal energy power station of First Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources are compared with the advanced marine energy equipments abroad in terms of the scale and the key technical parameters.The results show that the energy conversion efficiency of power generation is close to the international advanced level,but there are still some gaps in the installed power,sea trial time and device reliability.Then this paper suggests that the research and development of common technology of marine energy devices should be carried out at the same time of developing the key technology,so as to improve the reliability and safety of marine energy equipments.Researches on green technology and comprehensive utilization of marine energy should be carried out actively to promote the transformation of key technologies of marine energy,and to promote industrialization of marine energy equipments.

关 键 词：海洋可再生能源 潮汐能 潮流能 波浪能 温差能 盐差能 发电装置 

分 类 号：P743[天文地球—海洋科学]