汶川地震伤员创伤后应激障碍的危险因素及其对生活质量的影响——汶川地震10年后的探索  

Risk Factors of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Its Impact on Quality of Life in the People Injured in Wenchuan Earthquake:An Exploration after Ten Years

作　　者：罗伦[1] 张燕[1] 袁茵[2] LUO Lun;ZHANG Yan;YUAN Yin(Chengdu Second People's Hospital,Chengdu,610081,China.)

机构地区：[1]成都市第二人民医院康复医学科,四川成都610081 [2]成都市第四人民医院临床心理科,四川成都610036

出　　处：《中国社会医学杂志》2020年第4期378-381,共4页Chinese Journal of Social Medicine

基　　金：四川省卫生厅科研基金项目(090030);香港理工大学基金项目(2018036)。

摘　　要：目的探讨汶川地震伤员10年后创伤后应激障碍(Post-traumatic stress disorder,PTSD)的发病率、危险因素,及其对伤员当前生活质量的影响。方法采用问卷调查法,对汶川地震10年后的152名地震伤员进行调查,包括基础数据,事件影响量表修订版,地震影响其目前生活质量的自评分,共收回151份有效数据。事件影响量表得分在35分及以上者初筛为PTSD。分析不同特征伤员PTSD的差异情况以及事件影响量表得分与生活质量自评分的关系。结果地震伤员PTSD初筛阳性率为49.67%;伤员中有子女、家中有人员伤亡的PTSD阳性率高于无子女、家中无伤员者;回归分析显示,有子女、家里有人员伤亡是PTSD的危险因素。伤员对地震影响其目前生活质量的自评分较高(5.97±2.46);IES-R总分与伤员对地震影响其目前生活质量的自评分之间在统计学上呈正相关(r=0.413)。结论汶川地震10年后,地震伤员PTSD有较高阳性率,需要对生育有子女、家里有人员伤亡的地震伤员引起重视;IES-R得分与其目前的生活质量评分有中等程度的正关联。Objective To investigate the incidence rate and risk factors of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder(PTSD)and its impact on the quality of life in the people injured in Wenchuan earthquake after ten years.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted and data was collected from 152 people who were injured in Wenchuan earthquake at the 10 th year after the earthquake,including demographic data,score of Impact of Event Scale-Revised(IES-R)and the self-assessment of the impact of earthquake on quality of life.Valid data was obtained from 151 respondents.Those with a score of 35 or more were considered as with positive PTSD symptoms.The differences of PTSD with different characteristics and the relationship between scores of IES-R and quality of life were analyzed.Results The data analysis demonstrated that the positive screening rate of PTSD in the wounded people was 49.67%.The positive rate of PTSD in the participants who had children was significantly higher than that of those with no child,and those whose family members were injured or died had higher positive rate than those who didn't have such situation.Regression analysis showed that having children or having family member injured or died were the risk factors of PTSD in the respondents.The self-assessment scores of the impact of earthquake on quality of life were high(5.97±2.46).There is a positive correlation between the scores of IES-R and the self-assessment of the impact of earthquake on quality of life(r=0.413).Conclusion Ten years after the Wenchuan earthquake,the positive rate of PTSD is still high in the injured population.More attention should be paid to those who have children and those whose fami-ly members were injured or died in the disaster.IES-R score was moderately positively correlated with the scores of current quality of life.

关 键 词：汶川地震 事件影响量表 创伤后应激障碍 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]