中国石油贸易政策应加快改革创新——新加坡、韩国石油贸易政策借鉴  

Speeding up the reform of China’s oil trade policy--The experiences from Singapore and South Korea

作　　者：刘初春 郎岩松 LIU Chuchun;LANG Yansong(West Pacific Petrochemical Co.,Ltd.;China Aviation Oil(Singapore)Corporation Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]大连西太平洋石油化工有限公司 [2]中国航油新加坡公司

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2020年第8期18-22,共5页International Petroleum Economics

摘　　要：中国的石油外贸政策与时俱进,有效推进信息互换、监管互认、执法互助建设,实现了不同监管部门的信息共享,强化了大通关协作机制。韩国、新加坡的石油贸易政策基本接近,与之相比,中国的石油贸易政策在企业资质许可、进出口配额许可、进出口税收政策、产品质量和数量监管、进出口监管场所规定、港口和泊位监管、保税监管区规定方面都存在差异。中国石油贸易政策改革的重点是打破原油、成品油国内外流通壁垒,减少不必要的政府监管。建议:1)转变能源安全理念,保供应从以政策措施为主转变为以完善市场机制为主;2)继续深化中国成品油定价机制改革;3)推进成品油消费税征收体制改革;4)贸易便利化,提升监管效率,包括依托企业设施进行全过程监管,取消进出口配额和许可证制度,取消产品出口征税,取消海关监管区及油气监管场所,实行第三方检测。China’s foreign trade policy of petroleum has kept pace with the times,effectively promoted the construction of information exchange,mutual recognition of supervision and mutual assistance in law enforcement,realized the information sharing between different regulatory departments,and strengthened the cooperation mechanism of large-scale customs clearance.The oil trade policies of South Korea and Singapore are basically similar.Compared with them,China’s oil trade policies are different in terms of enterprise qualification licensing,import and export quota licensing,import and export tax policies,product quality and quantity supervision,import and export supervision site regulations,port and berth supervision,and bonded supervision zone regulations.The key to China’s oil trade policy reform is to break the barriers of crude oil and refined oil circulation at domestic and abroad,and reduce unnecessary government supervision.The paper suggests:1)changing the perspective of energy security and transferring the mind of supply from policy measures to market mechanism;2)continuing to deepen the reform of China’s refined oil pricing mechanism;3)promoting the reform of product oil consumption tax collection system;4)facilitating oil trading and improve the efficiency of supervision,for example,taking whole process supervision by relying on enterprise facilities,abolishing import and export quota and license system tax on export of consumer products,cancelling customs supervision areas and oil and gas regulatory sites,and implementing the third-party testing.

关 键 词：石油贸易 政策 监管 定价机制 

分 类 号：F426.22[经济管理—产业经济] F752