面向一体化综合减灾的知识图谱构建方法  

Knowledge Graph Construction for Integrated Disaster Reduction

作　　者：陶坤旺[1] 赵阳阳[1] 朱鹏 朱月月 刘帅 赵习枝 TAO Kunwang;ZHAO Yangyang;ZHU Peng;ZHU Yueyue;LIU Shuai;ZHAO Xizhi(Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping,Beijing 100830,China;School of Geomatics and Marine Information,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222005,China;Faculty of Geomatics,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;School of Geomatics,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国测绘科学研究院,北京100830 [2]江苏海洋大学测绘与海洋信息学院,江苏连云港222005 [3]兰州交通大学测绘与地理信息学院,甘肃兰州730070 [4]辽宁工程技术大学测绘与地理科学学院,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（信息科学版）》2020年第8期1296-1302,共7页Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0803108,2019YFB2102503);中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目(黔科中引地[2016]4009)。

摘　　要：知识图谱是揭示实体及其相互之间关系的重要工具,其在应急减灾中发挥着越来越重要的作用。研究了面向一体化综合减灾的知识图谱构建方法。首先,介绍了知识图谱的相关概念,分析了知识图谱在应急减灾工作中的应用;然后,总结了面向一体化综合减灾的知识图谱构建流程和关键技术,关键技术主要包括知识抽取、信息融合、知识建模和知识存储;随后,以九寨沟地震为例展示了面向九寨沟地震减灾的知识图谱构建过程、构建结果,并介绍了知识图谱在应用减灾信息主动推送方面的应用;最后,总结了知识图谱应用于一体化综合减灾领域所面临的挑战。Objectives:The knowledge graph is an important tool for revealing entities and the relationships between them.The role of knowledge graph in integrated disaster reduction is becoming increasingly prominent.We summarized the knowledge graph construction method and application for integrated disaster reduction.Methods:Firstly,the concepts of knowledge graph and the application of knowledge graph in disaster reduction is introduced.The knowledge graph can realize the rapid aggregation of multi-source heterogeneous data in the integrated and comprehensive disaster reduction,and organize the data of the relevant departments in an orderly manner.The knowledge graph can establish relationships between social fields related to emergency rescue,and reveal cross-network relationships between different fields,different social entities,and entities and data resources and disaster events.Knowledge graphs can more efficiently extract and utilize time-sensitive and information-intensive Internet and social media data.Secondly,the knowledge graph construction process and key technologies for integrated disaster reduction are summarized.Specifically,the knowledge graph construction process includes process multi-source heterogeneous data,extracting entities and relationships from the data according to the application scenario,fusing various types of knowledge,and finally modeling knowledge graph and store it in the knowledge base.The key technologies mainly include knowledge extraction,information fusion,knowledge graph building,and knowledge storage.Results:The knowledge graph has established the connection between the user and the required information,and personalized information can be pushed to three types of users based on the knowledge graph.The main users of the system include three categories,namely emergency management users,public users and emergency rescue users.Conclusions:The knowledge graph has the advantage of gathering multi-source heterogeneous data,displaying rich disaster related information,pushing personalize

关 键 词：知识图谱 应急 减灾 自然灾害 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]