晚清督抚政治模式研究——以汉阳铁厂的经费筹措为视角  

Fund Raising of Hanyang Iron Works and the Politics Of Governors in Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：周积明[1] 丁亮 Zhou Jiming;Ding Liang(Hubei University)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学中国思想文化研究所,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第5期95-105,共11页Wuhan University Journal：Philosophy & Social Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(14ZDB044)。

摘　　要：自全汉昇以来对汉阳铁厂的资金筹措相关问题的讨论,基本上都是作为一个经济史研究的命题。但是,经济的问题仅仅从经济的角度加以解析远远不够。在晚清的历史背景下,汉阳铁厂的经费筹措实际上与晚清政治集团之间的利益博弈有着密切的联系。汉阳铁厂作为卢汉铁路的基础建设设施而诞生,也同时是在李鸿章和张之洞南北两大总督的矛盾夹缝中投入建设。由于李鸿章的不合作立场,汉阳铁厂实际上是在朝廷有限经费的支持下,由湖广一地自建而成的,因而艰难重重。李鸿章之后,王文韶任直隶总督,南北关系缓和,盛宣怀入局汉阳铁厂,其实质是北洋和湖广两大系势力的合作。袁世凯担任直隶总督,撤离对汉阳铁厂的支持,盛宣怀对北洋企业再无支配权,在资金筹措上面临新的困局。因此,正是影响至深至远的督抚政治,决定了汉阳铁厂的生存方式与命运。The fund raising of Hanyang Iron Works is a research topic of economic history.The discussion of related issues has basically centered on economy since the rise of Quan Hansheng.However,analyzing economic problems only from the perspective of economy is far from sufficient.Under the historical background of the late Qing Dynasty,the financing of Hanyang Iron Works was closely related to the interest game among the political groups at that time.Hanyang Iron Works was born as the infrastructure of Luhan Railway and was put into construction in the contradiction between Li Hongzhang and Zhang Zhidong,the two governors in North and South China,respectively.Due to Li Hongzhang’s uncooperative position,Hanyang Iron Works was actually built in Huguang with the support of limited funds of the imperial court,which proved to be full of difficulties.After Li Hongzhang,Wang Wenshao was the governor of Zhili,so the relationship between the North and the South eased,and Sheng Xuanhuai joined Hanyang Iron Works,suggesting a real cooperation between the Beiyang and Huguang forces.When Yuan Shikai became the governor of Zhili,he withdrew his support for Hanyang Iron Works.Sheng Xuanhuai no longer had control over Beiyang enterprises and faced new difficulties in financing.Therefore,it is the governor’s politics with far-reaching influences that determined the survival mode and destiny of Hanyang Iron Works.

关 键 词：汉阳铁厂 晚清督抚政治 张之洞 北洋政府 

分 类 号：K252[历史地理—历史学]