普通小麦-野生二粒小麦染色体臂置换系籽粒与品质性状分析  

Analysis of Grain and Quality Traits of Chromosome Arm Substitution Lines of Triticum dicoccoides in the Background of Triticum aestivum

作　　者：王中秋 应鹏飞 陈梦涛 贺琼颖 胡鑫 Wang Zhongqiu;Ying Pengfei;Chen Mengtao;He Qiongying;Hu Xin(School of Agriculture and Food Science,Zhejiang A&F University/Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province,Lin’an 311300,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学农业与食品科学学院/浙江省农产品品质改良技术研究重点实验室,浙江临安311300

出　　处：《作物杂志》2020年第4期37-44,共8页Crops

基　　金：浙江省农业(粮食)新品种选育重大科技专项(2016C02050);浙江农林大学学生科研训练项目(KX20180023)。

摘　　要：野生二粒小麦在农艺性状和品质性状上具有丰富的遗传变异,这些优异基因的导入对促进优质小麦生产具有重要的意义。以普通小麦品种Bethlehem(BLH)为遗传背景的野生二粒小麦染色体臂置换系(chromosome arm substitution lines,CASLs)为材料,进行2年一点田间试验,考察籽粒(粒长、粒宽和千粒重)与品质相关性状(蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、沉降值、淀粉含量和灰分含量)。结果表明:CASLs群体中3AL 2年的粒长均显著长于亲本BLH,推测3AL染色体上至少有1个正效QTL控制野生二粒小麦的粒长,至少3个控制粒长的负效QTLs分别位于4BS、6BL和7BL,至少11个控制千粒重的负效QTLs分别位于2AS、5AS、6AL、7AS、1BS、1BL、4BS、4BL、5BL、6BL和7BL,至少6个与蛋白质含量正相关的QTLs分别位于6AL、1BS、2BS、3BL、7BS和7BL,至少3个控制湿面筋形成的正效QTLs分别位于2BL、7BS和7BL,至少3个控制沉降值的主效QTLs分别位于4AL、7AL和7BL,至少1个控制淀粉形成的负效QTL位点位于7BL;至少1个促进小麦籽粒灰分含量增加的QTL位于7BL上。相关性分析表明,千粒重与蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、沉降值和灰分含量呈显著或极显著的负相关,蛋白质含量与湿面筋含量、沉降值和灰分含量均呈极显著正相关,而与淀粉含量呈极显著负相关。综上所述,CASLs群体具有丰富的遗传多样性,且每个置换系只含有对应野生二粒小麦的染色体臂,各置换系有着不同的遗传特点,因此,可以综合利用置换系的有利性状对小麦目标性状进行遗传改良,进而为小麦育种提供更加丰富的遗传资源。To excavate the excellent genetic resources of wild emmer,the wild emmer chromosome arm substitution lines with the common wheat variety Bethlehem(BLH)as the genetic background was chosen.The yield related traits(grain length,grain width and 1000-grain weight)and quality related traits(protein content,wet gluten content,zeleny,starch content,and ash content)were investigated.The results showed that,the grain length of 3AL during two years was significantly longer than that of the parent BLH,suggesting at least one positive QTL for grain length on the 3AL chromosome arm of wild emmer.Similarly,at least three negative QTLs controlling grain length were located on 4BS,6BL,and 7BL,respectively.At least 11 negative QTLs for 1000-grain weight were located on 2AS,5AS,6AL,7AS,1BS,1BL,4BS,4BL,5BL,6BL and 7BL,respectively.At least six positive QTLs increasing protein content distributed on 6AL,1BS,2BS,3BL,7BS and 7BL,respectively.At least three positive QTLs responsible for wet gluten content were scattered at 2BL,7BS and 7BL.At least three major QTLs controlling sedimentation value located at 4AL,7AL and 7BL.Negative QTL site controlling starch content positioned at 7BL.QTL for ash content of wheat grain was on 7BL.Correlation analysis showed negative correlation between grain weight and protein content,wet gluten content,the zeleny and ash content,while the protein content was positively correlated with the wet gluten content,the zeleny,and the ash content and negatively correlated with starch content.Results showed that CASLs group are rich in genetic diversity,and each substitution lines only contains the chromosome arms corresponding to wild emmer,each of which has different genetic characteristics,so it can comprehensively utilize the favorable traits of the substitution lines.

关 键 词：野生二粒小麦 染色体臂置换系 籽粒性状 品质性状 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]