金龙河入湖口生态堆岛植被恢复效果及其生态适应性评价  

Effect of Restoring Vegetation and Evaluation of the Ecological Adaptability of Artificial Islands in the Jinlong River Inlet of Jianhu Lake

作　　者：屈月雷 王晨[1] 魏千贺 马富强 彭尔瑞 QU Yue-lei;WANG Chen;WEI Qian-he;MA Fu-qiang;PENG Er-rui(College of Resources and Environmental,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,P.R.China;College of Water Conservancy,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学水利学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2020年第4期55-62,共8页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：云南省科技惠民专项计划项目“剑川县金龙河入湖口湿地修复关键技术研究与示范”(2016RA024)。

摘　　要：为了探索泥沙淤积严重的高原湖泊湿地退化的生态修复技术,通过植被恢复来验证生态堆岛的可行性,从生态角度对生态堆岛做出适应性评价,为剑湖湿地乃至高原湖泊生态修复提供实证研究。2017年7月和10月,以工程扰动后2年生态堆岛的自然恢复植物、土壤为研究对象,对金龙河入湖口生态堆岛进行多次调查与采样,并进行植物多样性和土壤单因素方差分析,综合确定评价指标体系,结合层次分析法辅助软件yaahpV11.3确定指标权重,运用模糊综合评价模型对生态堆岛的植被恢复效果(优、良、中、差、劣)作出综合评价,以此评价生态堆岛的生态适应性与可行性。结果表明,Ⅰ型堆岛植被恢复效果评价的综合值为3.54,等级为中,区域植被恢复效果良好;Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型堆岛植被恢复效果评价的综合值为2.79,等级为差,区域植被恢复效果较差。从生态角度来看,Ⅰ型生态堆岛在解决剑湖金龙河泥沙淤积的生态适应性较好。Jianhu Lake is an important plateau lake,located in Jianchuan County,Yunnan Province.In recent years,the surface area of Jianhu Lake has been declining because of sediment deposition in the Jinlong River and Shihe River inlets to the lake.An ecological restoration project was carried out in the wetlands of Jianhu Lake by vegetating islands of three types:Type I,natural islands covered by sediments;Type II,artificial islands constructed by dredging and consolidation of shallow sediments;TypeⅢ,artificial islands constructed by dredging and consolidation of deep sediments.In July and October 2017,plants used in the restoration and soil from the ecological islands were studied to evaluate the effect of vegetation restoration and the ecological adaptability and feasibility of the islands two years after the project disturbance.Our study aimed to verify the feasibility of ecological islands through vegetation restoration and explore the ecological restoration technology of degraded plateau lake wetlands impacted by heavy sedimentation.The study area was at the mouth of the Jinlong River on Jianhu Lake.The diversity of vegetation and soil physicochemical properties of the three ecological island types were determined and eleven indices of vegetation diversity and soil physicochemistry were selected.The indices were incorporated into a comprehensive evaluation system with weighting factors for each index determined by the analytic hierarchy process(AHP).The vegetation restoration effect of each ecological island type was then evaluated using a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model.The evaluation score for the Type I island was 3.54,a medium score indicating good vegetation restoration.The scores for Type II and TypeⅢislands were both 2.79,low evaluation scores indicating poor vegetation recovery.From the perspective of ecology,Type I ecological islands are more ecologically adaptable for addressing the sedimentation problem in Jinlong River at the mouth of Jianhu Lake.

关 键 词：生态堆岛 植被恢复 模糊综合评价模型 金龙河 

分 类 号：Q819[生物学—生物工程]