流溪河水库底泥重金属污染记录  

Long-term Change in Heavy Metal Pollution of Sediments in Liuxihe Reservoir

作　　者：张华俊 薛现光[2] 彭亮 顾继光[2] ZHANG Hua-jun;XUE Xian-guang;PENG Liang;GU Ji-guang(School of Tourism and Resource Environment,Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities,Duyun 558000,P.R.China;Institute of Hydrobiology,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]黔南民族师范学院旅游与资源环境学院,贵州都匀558000 [2]暨南大学水生生物研究所,广东广州518040

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2020年第4期116-124,共9页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U0733007);广东省科技计划项目(2013B080500022)。

摘　　要：为了探究流溪河水库建库以来底泥重金属污染特征,于2013年3月在流溪河水库采集泥柱,测定泥柱中的重金属含量指标,进行多元统计分析并结合已有水质、水文等数据,综合分析了该水库底泥对人类活动的记录。结果表明,流溪河水库底泥早期未受到重金属污染,而中后期水库底泥重金属污染逐渐加剧。流溪河水库底泥对其流域内环境变化及人类活动做出了较好响应记录,与资料、文献记载具有较高吻合度。底泥记录了该水库5个时段重金属含量变化的历史时期,第I时段(20世纪50-60年代),未受重金属污染;第II时段(20世纪70年代),较弱的重金属污染,底泥重金属开始缓慢富集;第III时段(20世纪80年代),人类活动对重金属含量影响已开始显现,其含量开始有较大增加;第IV时段(20世纪90年代),底泥记录了一个显著的重金属含量上升过程,指示该时段重金属主要来源于人类活动,重金属含量变化比较大,指示污染最严重时期;第V时段(2000年后)指示重金属污染得到较好控制,由于污染积累部分重金属含量仍高于建库早期时段,该时段重金属主要是降低含量的人为污染及大气输送。研究结果能为大型水库水质管理提供长期数据支持及预警服务。Sediment records of heavy metal pollution are an indicator of anthropogenic activity,reflecting temporal pollution trends of the regional atmosphere and variations in the river basin environment.Studying these sediment records in reservoirs is a means of exploring long term variation of the aquatic environment.In this study,we analyzed the sediment record of heavy metal pollution in Liuxihe reservoir.The results were combined with existing water quality and hydrology data,and multivariate analysis was applied to show how human activities in the river basin are reflected in the sediment record of the reservoir.The study provides important data for supporting the restoration and management of this important water body.Liuxihe reservoir,constructed in 1956,is located in northeastern Conghua City of Guangdong Province and is an important drinking water source for Guangzhou City.In March of 2013,undisturbed sediment core samples were collected in the deep pelagic zone of the reservoir and the physical index,heavy metal concentrations and mass loss on ignition at 550℃(LOI550)of the samples were measured.Heavy metal concentrations in the sediments were low and no heavy metal pollution was detected immediately after impoundment,but concentrations gradually increased,indicating pollution by heavy metals.The historical record of the heavy metals pollution in Liuxihe reservoir responded to environmental changes induced by human activities in the watershed and coincided well with historical data and documentation.Cluster analysis indicated five time periods in the sediment record of heavy metal pollution:Period 1(1950 s-1960 s),unpolluted;Period 2(1970 s),slightly polluted;Period 3(1980 s),heavy metal pollution increased rapidly and the impact of human activities became apparent;Period 4(1990 s),significant increases in heavy metal concentrations and the most intense pollution,primarily due to the human activities;Period 5(after 2000),heavy metal pollution is well controlled,but concentrations remain above those in the ear

关 键 词：流溪河水库 重金属污染 底泥 记录 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]