气候及气候变化概念的新认识  

New Understanding of Climate and Climate Change Concepts

作　　者：余锦华[1] 耿新[1] YU Jin-hua;GENG Xin(School of Atmospheric Sciences,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《教育教学论坛》2020年第32期122-124,共3页Education And Teaching Forum

基　　金：2018年国家重点研发计划项目“中国区域干旱事件检测归因”(2018YFC1507704);南京信息工程大学2020校级线上线下混合一流本科课程建设项目(2020XJYLKC047);《现代气候学》一流课程思政建设的内涵研究及实践(2020KCSZJGZX015)。

摘　　要：气候学是大气科学的重要分支,20世纪70年代初气候系统概念的提出,在气候学领域内引发了一场科学革命。从气候系统各子系统间的相互作用这一角度来研究气候的形成和变化在大气科学及相关领域是十分活跃的,新观点、新方法、新发现层出不穷,气候学得到了空前的发展。气候及气候变化概念是气候学最为基础的内容,文章提出了全新气候及气候变化的概念,对其做了透彻的阐述,澄清了国内外对此问题的若干模糊认识,丰富了现代气候学,为气候及气候变化概念的科学应用奠定了基础。Climatology is an important branch of atmospheric science.In the early 1970 s,the concept of climate system was proposed,which triggered a scientific revolution in the field of climatology.The research and studies conducted from the perspective of climate system and interaction between various subsystems in the system become more and more active since then.New ideas,methods and theories are springing up,which has created rapid development of the subject.Climate and climate change are the fundamental content of climatology.Brand new definitions of climate and climate change is proposed and illustrated in this paper,which may shed light on the current vague concepts in this filed.These new definitions are of great implications for climatology and will lay a solid foundation for further study or research on climate and climate change.

关 键 词：气候 气候变化 气候状态 气候标准态 

分 类 号：P461[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]