新类型作品著作权保护的现实选择——《著作权法》第三条中“其他作品”的解释适用  

The Realistic Choice of Protection under the Copyright Law for New Types of Works——The Interpretation and Application of"Other Works"in Article 3 of The Copyright Law

作　　者：孙山[1] Sun Shan

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学经济法学院

出　　处：《电子知识产权》2020年第7期16-22,共7页Electronics Intellectual Property

基　　金：2019年国家社科基金重点项目《作品类型扩张下独创性理论构建与适用研究》(19AFX017)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：技术的进步催生出诸如音乐喷泉、体育赛事节目、网络游戏直播画面等新类型表达。我国《著作权法》第3条中对作品类型进行了列举,其中前八类为具体的作品类型,第(九)项则为“法律、行政法规规定的其他作品”。尽管现行法上有诸多限制,但当新类型表达无法以解释的方式被前八类所涵盖时,解释适用“其他作品”是现实发展所必需的,权利法定原则不包括作品类型法定。《著作权法实施条例》属于行政法规,该法第2条中的定义条款可用来解释适用“其他作品”,和《著作权法》第3条第(九)项一起充当新类型作品的保护依据。法官不应在裁判中直接创设新的作品类型,而应将之解释为符合作品构成要件,归类于“其他作品”,类型化的工作最终由立法者完成。演绎作品、汇编作品等不能充当新类型作品的保护依据。Technological advances have given rise to new types of expression,such as music fountains,sports programs and live pictures of online games.In article 3 of Copyright Law of People’s Republic of China,the types of works are listed.The first eight types are specific types of works,and item(9)refers to"other works stipulated by laws and administrative regulations".Although there are many restrictions in the current law,when new types of expressions are not covered by the eight categories in an interpretive way,the interpretation and application of"other works"is necessary for the practical development,and the principle of Numerus Clauses does not mean the type of works is abiding.The Regulations on the Implementation of the Copyright Law is an administrative regulation,and the definition clauses in article 2 of the law can be used to interpret and apply"other works",together with article 3(9)of the copyright law,to serve as the basis for the protection of new types of works.A judge should not directly create a new type of work in the judgment,but he should classify it as“other work”when it meets the constitutive requirements of“work”.The task of classification is ultimately left to the legislators.Works such as deductive work and compilation work cannot be used as a protection basis for new types of works.

关 键 词：其他作品 非穷尽式列举 法律解释 权利法定原则 

分 类 号：D923.41[政治法律—民商法学]