长三角集装箱码头效率时空演化及其影响因素  

Spatio-temporal characteristics and influencing factors of container terminals efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta

作　　者：叶士琳 蒋自然[4] 祁新华[2] YE Shilin;JIANG Ziran;QI Xinhua(Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China;School of Geographical Sciences,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China;Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;School of Economics and Management,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学湿润亚热带生态地理过程教育部重点实验室,福州350007 [2]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福州350007 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所/区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [4]浙江师范大学经济与管理学院,金华321004

出　　处：《地理研究》2020年第8期1782-1793,共12页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41901138,41801111);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(19YJCZH225);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY18D010004)。

摘　　要：集装箱码头效率对区域经济发展具有重要影响。采用超效率SBM模型对2008—2017年长三角地区15家集装箱码头效率进行测度,分析其时空演化特征及关键影响因素。结果表明:长三角集装箱码头效率总体水平不高,但整体保持增长态势;纯技术效率的提高是推动集装箱码头效率增长的主要动力;长三角集装箱码头效率空间格局发生显著调整,表现出明显的阶段性特征,且近年来其空间差异向均衡化方向发展;沿海集装箱码头与沿江集装箱码头效率演化态势差异明显,前者总体表现更好;人力资源、集疏运条件和港口功能对集装箱码头效率具有显著的正向作用,股权结构与腹地经济等相关指标未通过模型检验,作用并不显著。With the continuous development of the global port and shipping market,inter-port competition is increasingly manifesting as competition at the terminal level.The efficiency of container terminals will significantly affect the efficiency and competitiveness of the whole port supply chain,and then have an important impact on regional economic development.It has grown up to be a challenging task for many countries to measure and understand the efficiency characteristics of container terminals scientifically,especially for developing countries and emerging market countries.Therefore,research on container terminal efficiency has received more and more attention in recent years,but there are the research results based on the geographical perspective.In this paper,15 main container terminals in the Yangtze River Delta region are chosen as the research object,and their efficiency between 2008 and 2017 is measured by using the super-efficiency SBM model,and then the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics are analyzed.On this basis,the Tobit model is utilized to analyze the key factors affecting the efficiency of container terminals.The result shows that:(1)the overall level of comprehensive technical efficiency of the Yangtze River Delta container terminal is not high,the highest efficiency value is only 0.581,but the overall growth trend remains unchanged.During the study period,the average scale efficiency value of container terminals showed a slowly decreasing trend year by year,while the average pure technical efficiency value maintained a steady growth trend.The gap between them is narrowing year by year.Besides,the principal driving force for the slow growth of comprehensive technical efficiency comes from the improvement of pure technical efficiency.(2)From 2008 to 2017,the change trends of container terminal efficiency in the study region were different,which jointly promote the significant adjustment of the spatial pattern of container terminals efficiency.During the study period,the coefficient of variation

关 键 词：码头效率 超效率SBM模型 TOBIT模型 时空格局 长三角地区 

分 类 号：U691[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]