中国极化电子—离子对撞机  

The Electron-Ion Collider in China

作　　者：梁羽铁 杨一玻 赵宇翔 LIANG Yu-Tie;YANG Yi-Bo;ZHAO Yu-Xiang(Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics,Institute of Theoretical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院近代物理研究所,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院理论物理研究所,中国科学院理论物理前沿重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《物理》2020年第8期525-536,共12页Physics

摘　　要：电磁相互作用把质子与电子束缚起来,形成氢原子。人类对于电磁相互作用的深刻认识发展出智能手机和信息技术,给日常生活带来了极大的便利。相比之下,夸克和胶子如何被强相互作用束缚从而形成质子与中子,人类还缺乏充分的认识。因此,全球的中高能核物理学家提出了建设未来高精度极化电子—离子对撞机以对其进行更深入的研究。文章主要介绍中国极化电子—离子对撞机实验上的物理问题,以及量子色动力学格点计算在这些物理研究中的重要作用。Our understanding of the electromagnetic force,which binds together a proton and an electron to form a hydrogen atom,has given birth to the development of the smartphone as well as cutting-edge information technology.It has revolutionized our daily life.On the other hand,we know little about how quarks and gluons are confined by the strong interaction force within a proton or neutron,or about their complicated dynamics inside a nucleon.Therefore,nuclear physicists around the world have proposed to build a polarized electron-ion collider to further research in this field.The design of the Electron-Ion Collider in China(EicC)as well as several key physics topics will be discussed in this article,as well as the lattice QCD calculation and its importance in nucleon structure studies.

关 键 词：电子—离子对撞机 量子色动力学 核子结构 核子自旋结构 核介质效应 奇特强子态 核子质量 

分 类 号：O572.214[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]