福建梅花山自然保护区南方红豆杉母树特征对访问鸟类多样性的影响  

Effects of mother plant traits of Taxus chinensis on the diversity of bird visitors in the Meihuashan Nature Reserve,Fujian Province,China

作　　者：张帅[1] 范月峥 王征[1] ZHANG Shuai;FAN Yue-zheng;WANG Zheng(Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,College of Biology and the Environment,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,生物与环境学院,南京210037

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2020年第8期2657-2662,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)资助。

摘　　要：在破碎化生境斑块中,植物特征影响着鸟类多样性格局,进而影响斑块的生态功能维系。南方红豆杉(Taxus chinensis)为国家Ⅰ级保护植物,在我国南方地区多集群分布在破碎化生境斑块中。为了解斑块生境中南方红豆杉母树特征对访问鸟类多样性的影响,于2018和2019年果期在福建梅花山保护区红豆杉生态园采用样线法和样点法结合,研究南方红豆杉结实量、郁闭度和高度等特征对访问鸟类多样性的影响。结果表明:在红豆杉生态园中,共有67种鸟类,其中45种鸟类为食果鸟类。不同年份间和不同斑块(竹林斑块和常绿阔叶林斑块)的鸟类群落组成和优势鸟类存在一定的差异。共有21种鸟类访问南方红豆杉母树,其多样性特点受母树特征的影响。一元线性回归模型表明,南方红豆杉母树结实量与访问母树的鸟类数量和种数呈正相关;母树郁闭度与访问母树的鸟类数量呈正相关。可见,斑块生境中南方红豆杉母树特征是影响鸟类多样性的主要因素之一,进而影响植物的种子更新。Plant traits are important factors shaping bird diversity in fragmented habitats,with consequences on ecosystem function.Chinese yew(Taxus chinensis)is catalogued as endangered species in IUCN and as vulnerable to extinction in China.Most natural populations of T.chinensis show a scattered distribution near villages in southern China.In this study,we used the methods of line transects and sampling points to investigate the potential effects of fruit amounts,canopy density and height of T.chinensis on the diversity of bird visitors in the yew ecological garden of Meihuashan Nature Reserve.A total of 67 bird species were recorded in the garden,including 45 frugivorous bird species.The composition of bird community and dominant bird species differed across patches(bamboo patch and evergreen broad-leaved forest patch)and years.A total of 21 bird species visited the mature trees of T.chinensis,whose diversity was strongly affected by plant traits.Fruit amount was positively related to the individuals and species richness of birds.Population size of bird visitors was positively correlated with plant canopy density.Our results highlighted the importance of plant traits in shaping frugivore diversity,which could affect plant recruitment in fragmented habitats.

关 键 词：植物特征 南方红豆杉 鸟类多样性 访问鸟类 斑块生境 

分 类 号：S791.49[农业科学—林木遗传育种]