云南省西南地区4个口岸黄胸鼠种群遗传特性分析  

Genetic characteristics of Rattus tanezumi populations at four ports of entry in southwest Yunnan province, China

作　　者：刘莹莹 曹晓梅[1] 慈颖[1] 杨燕 卢云兰[2] 张晓龙[1] 方志强[1] LIU Ying-ying;CAO Xiao-mei;Cl Ying;YANG Yan;LU Yun-lan;ZHANG Xiao-long;FANG Zhi-qiang(Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine Institute of Health Inspection and Quarantine,Beijing 100176,China;Yunnan International Travel Healthcare Center)

机构地区：[1]中国检验检疫科学研究院卫生检验与检疫研究所,北京100176 [2]云南国际旅行卫生保健中心,云南昆明650228

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2020年第4期451-456,共6页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2017ZX10303404)。

摘　　要：目的掌握云南省4个口岸地区(金水河、磨憨、清水河、姐告)黄胸鼠种群遗传多样性和亲缘关系。方法对2014-2015年在4个口岸地区捕获的55只黄胸鼠进行解剖,取其肝脏组织进行基因组DNA提取。应用PCR技术分析其线粒体DNA细胞色素b(Cytb)基因,通过生物信息学分析软件(Clustal X 2.0和MEGA 7.0)分析Cytb基因序列。计算Cytb基因序列的核苷酸、密码子组成以及使用频率,分析遗传距离并采用邻接法(Neighbour-Joining,NJ)构建系统进化树。结果 Cytb基因序列中碱基组成A+T约占59.77%,C+G约占40.23%。密码子UCA、CUA、CCA的使用频率分别为3.19%、3.11%和3.09%。姐告和清水河口岸黄胸鼠Cytb基因的遗传距离为0.000;金水河与清水河、姐告口岸黄胸鼠Cytb基因的遗传距离均为0.008。以小家鼠、褐家鼠为外群构建NJ进化树,清水河与姐告聚为一支,其次与磨憨,最后与金水河聚为一支。结论 Cytb基因序列中A+T含量明显高于C+G含量,黄胸鼠Cytb基因可能存在A+T偏倚性。遗传距离和NJ进化树分析表明清水河与姐告口岸黄胸鼠亲缘关系较近,其次是与磨憨黄胸鼠;金水河黄胸鼠与其他3个口岸黄胸鼠的亲缘关系较远。Objective To investigate the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of Rattus tanezumi populations at four ports of entry(POEs)(Jinshuihe, Mohan, Qingshuihe, and Jiegao) in Yunnan province, China. Methods Fifty-five R. tanezumi rats captured at the four POEs from 2014 to 2015 were dissected, and their liver tissues were taken for genomic DNA extraction. PCR was used to analyze the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b(Cytb) gene, and the bioinformatics software Clustal X 2.0 and MEGA 7.0 were applied to analyze the Cytb gene sequence. The nucleotide composition and codon usage frequency of the Cytb gene sequence were calculated. The genetic distance was estimated, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed by the neighbor-joining(NJ) method. Results The base composition A+T and C+G of the Cytb gene sequence accounted for about 59.77% and 40.23%, respectively. The usage frequencies of the codons UCA, CUA, and CCA were 3.19%, 3.11%, and 3.09%, respectively. The genetic distance of the Cytb gene of R. tanezumi between Jiegao and Qingshuihe POEs was 0.000, and that between Jinshuihe and Qingshuihe or Jiegao POEs was 0.008. With Mus musculus and R. norvegicus as outgroups, the NJ phylogenetic tree showed that the rats from Qingshuihe port first gathered with those from Jiegao on a branch, then with those from Mohan port, and finally with those from Jinshuihe port. Conclusion The content of A+T in the Cytb gene sequence is significantly higher than that of C+G, suggesting a potential A+T bias in the Cytb gene of R. tanezumi. Genetic distance and NJ phylogenetic tree analysis show that R. tanezumi from Qingshuihe port has the closest relationship with that from Jiegao port, and the second closest relationship with that from Mohan. Rattus tanezumi from Jinshuihe has a relatively far genetic relationship with that from the other three POEs.

关 键 词：云南口岸 黄胸鼠 细胞色素B基因 

分 类 号：S443[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] R394.5[农业科学—植物保护]