基于再分析数据的黄岩岛及邻近海域气象条件分析  

Meteorological analysis in Huangyan Dao and its adjacent area based on reanalysis data

作　　者：弥晨 吴萌萌[2] 万莉颖[2,3] 邢建勇[2,3] 陈莉[2] 秦琰琰[2] 刘克威[2] 于庆龙 莫慧尔 MI Chen;WU Meng-meng;WAN Li-ying;XING Jian-yong;CHEN Li;QIN Yan-yan;LIU Ke-wei;YU Qing-long;MO Hui-er(Navy general staff,Beijing 100081 China;National Marine Environment Forecasting Center,Beijing 100081 China;Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting,National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100081 China)

机构地区：[1]海军参谋部,北京100081 [2]国家海洋环境预报中心,北京100081 [3]国家海洋环境预报中心自然资源部海洋灾害预报技术研究重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《海洋预报》2020年第3期35-45,共11页Marine Forecasts

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1401409、2016YFC1401805、2017YFC1404000);国家自然科学基金青年基金(41606029)。

摘　　要：采用美国NCEP-CFSR数据库资料,提取了1979—2010年的海平面大气要素场,在中国南海区域(0°~25°N、105°~125°E)和黄岩岛附近点(15°N、118°E),按日、月、年统计了32 a间海平面气压、海面2 m气温、海面2 m相对湿度、海面10 m风场基本气象要素特征。分析发现:黄岩岛及邻近中国南海区域属于赤道带、热带海洋性季风气候,其气候特征是:(1)海平面气压呈北高南低、冬季高夏季低的分布形势;黄岩岛日平均海平面气压冬季约为1 012 hPa,其他季节约为1 008 hPa,年平均海平面气压变化具有准5 a的周期;(2)全年平均气温较高,分布呈现北低南高,大陆低海面高,冬季低夏季高的特点;黄岩岛海面2 m气温日变化较小,年平均值约为27~28℃,年际变化上具有整体增加的趋势;(3)全年相对湿度较大,基本在60%以上,随季节变化明显,冬季较小,夏季较大;黄岩岛日平均相对湿度为80%,总体也具有略微增大的年际变化趋势;(4)受季风影响明显,冬季盛行东北季风,平均风速约为10~12 m/s,夏季盛行西南季风,平均风速约为4~8 m/s;黄岩岛海面风速的变化具有2.5~5 a的变化周期,年平均风速在5.3 m/s上下波动。Based on the near-surface atmospheric variables of the NCEP-CFSR datasets from 1979 to 2010, we analyzed climate variation in Huangyan Dao and its adjacent area including sea level pressure, 2 m temperature,2 m relative humidity and 10 m wind field. The results show that Huangyan Dao and its adjacent area in the South China Sea is a tropical maritime monsoon region climate. The sea level pressure is higher in the north than in the south, and higher in winter than in summer. The daily-mean sea level pressure over Huangyan Dao is about 1 012 hPa in winter and about 1 008 hPa in the other seasons. The variation of annual mean sea level pressure reveals a quasi-cycle of 5 years. The annual mean of 2 m temperature is relatively high, with a distribution of lower in the north than in the south, lower on the continent than on the sea and lower in winter than in summer. The daily variation of 2 m temperature over Huangyan Dao is small, with an annual mean of about27~28 ℃ and an increasing trend can be found in its annual variation. The relative humidity is generally above60% throughout the year with significant seasonal variations, which is lower in winter and higher in summer. The daily mean relative humidity over Huangyan Dao is 80% with a slightly increasing trend in its annual variation.The region is dominated by monsoon. Northeast monsoon prevails in winter with the average wind speed of about10~12 m/s, while southwest monsoon prevails in summer with the average wind speed of about 4~8 m/s. The variation of 10 m wind speed over Huangyan Dao reveals a cycle of 2.5~5 years and the annual mean wind speed is about 5.3 m/s.

关 键 词：黄岩岛 海平面气压 海面2m气温 海面2m相对湿度 海面10m风场 

分 类 号：P732.3[天文地球—海洋科学]