对高等医学院校替换外科实验动物的建议和思考  

Suggestions and Thoughts on the Replacement of Experimental Surgical Animals in Medical Colleges

作　　者：张宏伟[1] 李红[1] 于云宝 刘桂生[1] 张永国[1] 杨婧[1] 赵梅凤 苗章 ZHANG Hongwei;LI Hong;YU Yunbao;LIU Guisheng;ZHANG Yongguo;YANG Jing;ZHAO Meifeng;MIAO Zhang(Department of Surgery,The First Affiliated Hospital,School of Medicine,Shihezi University,Shihezi Xinjiang 832008,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学医学院第一附属医院外科教研室,新疆石河子832008

出　　处：《中国继续医学教育》2020年第24期51-53,共3页China Continuing Medical Education

基　　金：国家留学基金委项目(201605215008);石河子大学教育教学改革项目资助(JGY-2019-37)。

摘　　要：外科动物实验课程是一门重要的医学课程,是学生了解外科及其相关配套操作的门户,但在国外的医学课程中,却很少使用动物进行相关的演示及培训工作,同样起到了较好的教学效果。随着医学的进步以及医学教育的深化改革,现有的外科动物实验课程需要进一步优化和调整,该课程的临床指向性需要进一步体现,基于实验动物的使用缺陷以及对动物的关爱,如何寻找实验动物的替代品,是我们面临的一大问题。目前,现有的模具材料和仿真技术可以完成实验动物的替换,但是需要我们医学院校的教师以及教育政策的制定者们转变思路,开拓创新,大胆尝试一种既能减少动物使用,又能提高教学教育质量的新途径。Animal surgery experiment course is an important medical course and a gateway for students to understand surgery and its related operations.However,in foreign medical courses,animals are rarely used for relevant demonstration and training,which also plays a good teaching effect.With the progress of medicine and the deepening reform of medical education,the existing surgical animal experiment course needs further optimization and adjustment,surgical clinical directivity need further expression of animal experiment courses.Based on the use of experimental animals defects and care for animals,how to look for alternatives to experimental animals is the problem.At present,the existing materials and technologies can replace experimental animals,but it requires medical colleges’teachers and education policy makers to change their thinking,explore new ideas,and boldly try a new way to reduce animal sacrifice and improve the quality of teaching education.

关 键 词：教育 外科动物实验课程 实验动物 动物关怀 替换 模具 教学改革 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]