长期不同施肥下紫色土有机硫和芳基硫酸酯酶活性变化特征  

Variation tendency of organic sulfur and aryl sulfatase activities under long-term different fertilization in purple soil

作　　者：马殿叶 郭琳钰 王梦茜 钟海夫 郭涛[1] MA Dian-ye;GUO Lin-yu;WANG Meng-xi;ZHONG Hai-fu;GUO Tao(College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2020年第7期1198-1205,共8页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2017YFD0200203-4)。

摘　　要：【目的】基于长期定位试验,探究施入含硫肥料的不同处理土壤总硫与有机硫含量变化,以及不同施肥处理土壤总硫与有机硫的变化趋势,为硫素的合理施用提供理论依据。【方法】长期定位试验位于重庆市北碚区西南大学国家紫色土肥力与肥效监测基地,始于1991年,至本研究取样时已连续进行了22年,一年两季,水稻-小麦轮作。选择试验中的7个处理:不施肥(CK),施用氮磷钾(硫酸钾,NPKS),有机肥单施(M),氮磷钾配施有机肥(MNPKS),氮磷钾与稻草还田配合施用(SNPKS),含氯化肥氮(氯化铵)、磷、钾(氯化钾)与秸秆还田配施(SNPKCl)和永久休闲(F)。取0—20 cm土样,测定了全硫、有机硫以及3种形态有机硫含量以及芳基硫酸酯酶活性。【结果】1)与1991年原始土壤相比,除CK的全硫和有机硫含量显著降低外,其余处理均显著增加,且土壤全硫含量除M和NPKS处理间差异不显著外,其他处理间均差异显著,由高到低为MNPKS>SNPKS>M和NPKS>F>SNPKCl。土壤有机硫在全硫中的占比也发生了变化,CK处理中有机硫含量显著下降,其他处理均显著增加(P<0.05)。MNPKS和SNPKS处理有机硫含量增加最多,但是MNPKS处理有机硫在全硫中的占比只有73.3%,而SNPKS为92.2%。另外,M和F处理有机硫含量差异不显著,但都显著高于SNPKCl和NPKS处理(P<0.05)。SNPKCl处理的有机硫含量虽然显著低于MNPKS、SNPKS、M和F处理,但有机硫的占比(90.3%)与SNPKS处理相当,而NPKS处理的有机硫含量虽然高于CK和初始土壤,但显著低于F处理和含有机肥处理的土壤(P<0.05)。2)与CK相比,其他施肥处理0—20 cm土层中碳键硫、酯键硫、残渣态硫含量均有所增加,且不同施肥处理之间差异达到显著水平。与初始土壤相比,包括F在内的所有处理中碳键硫和酯键硫含量增加,其中MNPKS处理的碳键硫的增加量显著高于其他处理,增加了31.1 mg/kg;酯键硫增加量最大的处理是SNPKS,增加�【Objectives】The effect of long-term fertilization on the total and organic sulfur contents and their change trends were studied to provide theoretical basis for reasonable sulfur supply and fertilizer application.【Methods】The study was based on a long-term experiment,which was located at the National Purple Soil Fertilizer and Fertilizer Efficiency Monitoring base of Southwest University,Beibei District,Chongqing,and the crop system was rice-wheat rotation every year.The experiment was started in 1991 and had been carried out continuously for 22 years until the time of sampling.Seven treatments were selected for the sampling,including:non-fertilization(CK),chemical fertilizers including K2 SO4(NPKs),pure manure(M),NPKs plus manure(MNPKs),NPKs plus straw returning(SNPKs),application of nitrogen(ammonium chloride),phosphorus,potassium(potassium chloride)and straw returning(SNPKCl),fallow all the time(F).Depth of 0-20 cm soil samples were collected to determine the contents of total S(TS),organic S(OS)and three fractions of organic S(C-bond,ester-bond and residual S)and the activities of aryl sulfate esterase.【Results】1)Compared with the initial soil in 1991,the contents of TS and OS in treatments except CK were increased significantly.Except M and NPKs,the contents of TS varied significantly among the treatments and in descent order of MNPKs>SNPKs>M≈NPKs>F>SNPKCl.The proportion of OS in TS also changed.The content of OS was decreased significantly in CK treatment,and increased significantly in other treatments(P<0.05).The highest increase was in MNPKs and SNPKs,however,the proportion of OS in TS was only 73.3%in MNPKs while was 92.2%in SNPKs.Moreover,the defference of OS contents between M and F treatment was not significant,but both were significantly higher than those in SNPKCl and NPKs treatment(P<0.05).Although the content of OS in SNPKCl treatment was significantly lower than those in the former four treatments,the proportion was equivalent to that in SNPKs and higher than those in others.The con

关 键 词：紫色土 长期施肥 含氯化肥 有机硫 芳基硫酸酯酶活性 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学] S154.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]