智能网联车环境下考虑反应时间影响的基本图模型  

Fundamental Diagram Model of Considering Reaction Time in Environment of Intelligent Connected Vehicles

作　　者：徐桃让 姚志洪[1,2,3] 蒋阳升 杨涛[4] XU Tao-rang;YAO Zhi-hong;JIANG Yang-sheng;YANG Tao(School of Transportation and Logistics,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu Sichuan 611756,China;National Engineering Laboratory of Big Data Application Technology for Integrated Transport,Chengdu Sichuan 611756,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Transport Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an Shaanxi 710043,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学交通运输与物流学院,四川成都611756 [2]综合交通大数据应用技术国家工程实验室,四川成都611756 [3]重庆交通大学重庆市交通运输工程重点实验室,重庆400074 [4]中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,陕西西安710043

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2020年第8期108-117,共10页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51578465,71771190,71901183);重庆市交通运输工程重点实验室开放基金项目(2018TE01);西南交通大学2019年研究生学术素养提升计划(2019KCJS46)。

摘　　要：未来年由一定比例的智能网联车与人工驾驶车辆组成的异质交通流是当前交通流领域研究的前沿和热点。为研究智能网联车与人工驾驶车辆反应时间的差异对异质交通流宏观特性的影响,基于智能驾驶员模型推导出了包含反应时间与智能网联车比例的异质交通流基本图模型。首先,考虑反应时间对驾驶行为的影响,对传统IDM进行了改进;其次,基于改进后的IDM推导出了异质交通流宏观基本图模型,并分析了反应时间与智能网联车比例对异质交通流通行能力的影响。同时,对模型中通行能力的影响因素进行了敏感性分析;最后,借助MATLAB与VISSIM搭建了智能网联环境仿真平台,对本研究提出的模型进行了验证。结果表明:(1)智能网联车比例的增大能提高异质交通流的通行能力,但反应时间对通行能力具有消极影响作用;(2)自由流速度越大,异质交通流的通行能力越大;(3)最小车头间距越大,异质交通流的通行能力越小,且最小车头间距每增加0.2 m,异质交通流的最佳密度减小约0.15 veh/km,对应的最大流量减小约10 veh/h。仿真试验显示不同智能网联车比例下的仿真数据与理论曲线有较高的一致性,从而表明理论模型是正确和有效的。In the coming years,heterogeneous traffic flow consisting of a certain percentage of intelligent connected vehicles(ICVs)and human-driven vehicles(HDVs)is the forefront and hot spot of current research in the field of traffic flow.To study the influence of the reaction time difference between ICVs and HDVs on the macro characteristics of heterogeneous traffic flow,a fundamental diagram model of heterogeneous traffic flow contains reaction time and ICV proportion is derived.First,considering the influence of reaction time on driving behavior,traditional IDM is improved.Second,based on the improved IDM,a macro fundamental diagram model of heterogeneous traffic flow is derived,and the influences of reaction time and ICV proportion on heterogeneous traffic flow capacity are analyzed.At the same time,the sensitivity analysis on the influencing factors of capacity in the model is performed.Finally,with the help of MATLAB and VISSIM,an intelligent connected environment simulation platform is established,and the proposed model is verified.The research result shows that(1)The increase in the proportion of ICVs can increase the capacity of heterogeneous traffic flow,but the reaction time has a negative influence on the capacity.(2)The larger the free flow speed is,the greater the capacity of the heterogeneous traffic flow will be.(3)The larger the minimum headway is,the smaller the capacity of the heterogeneous traffic flow will be.Specifically,for every 0.2 m increase in the minimum headway,the optimal density of the heterogeneous traffic flow decreases by about 0.15 veh/km,and the corresponding maximum flow decreases by about 10 veh/h.The simulation experiment shows that the simulation data under different ICV proportions have high consistency with the theoretical curve,which shows that the theoretical model is correct and effective.

关 键 词：智能交通 交通流基本图模型 智能驾驶员模型 异质交通流 反应时间 智能网联车 

分 类 号：U463.6[机械工程—车辆工程]