美国图书馆与信息服务白宫大会:背景、内容与影响  

The U.S.White House Conferences on Library and Information Services:Background,Issues and Impact

作　　者：郭忠义[1,2] 张菁 GUO Zhongyi;ZHANG Jing

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学外语学院 [2]华东师范大学历史系

出　　处：《图书馆论坛》2020年第9期86-96,共11页Library Tribune

摘　　要：1970年代受民权运动影响,美国各阶层与各族裔要求平等获取图书馆与信息服务的呼声高涨,加之当时"信息时代""终身学习"概念深入人心,为回应社会关切,在美国国家图书馆与信息科学委员会和美国图书馆协会等机构的倡导和组织下,美国联邦政府先后于1979年11月和1991年7月举办两届图书馆与信息服务白宫大会。经过充分筹备,数千名业内外代表与会,他们针对当时图书馆与信息服务的状况进行讨论并通过了多项决议。两届大会是20世纪下半叶美国图书馆与信息界的重大事件,深刻影响着之后美国图书馆与信息事业的发展。文章爬梳与分析了两届图书馆与信息服务白宫大会的背景、内容与影响,为我国图书馆与信息事业发展提供借鉴。Influenced by the Civil Rights Movement,various social classes and ethnic groups in the American society sought equal access to library and information services in the 1970s.Meanwhile,concepts like“Information Age”and“Lifelong Learning”became popular among American people.Advocated and organized by the U.S.National Commission on Libraries and Information Science,and with the professional support of the American Library Association,the first White House Conference on Library and Information Services was held in November 1979,then the second conference in July 1991.These two conferences were well attended by thousands of library professionals and interested individuals from all states and many local districts.Participants discussed and supported a number of resolutions in regard to library and information services that time.The conferences were big events in the development of library and information services at the end of the 20th century and exerted great influences on later developments.This article summarizes and analyses the background,issues addressed and impact of the conferences.Hopefully,it can fill up a research gap in China and offer the Chinese library and information community with insights.

关 键 词：美国图书馆与信息服务白宫大会 美国联邦图书馆政策 图书馆与信息服务 

分 类 号：G259.712[文化科学—图书馆学]