周代多璜式组玉佩相关问题研究  

A Study of Relevant Issues Concerning Multi-Huang Jade Ornament Sets of the Zhou Dynasty

作　　者：张睿祥[1] 杨筱平[1] 欧秀花[1] Zhang Ruixiang;Yang Xiaoping;Ou Xiuhua

机构地区：[1]天水师范学院文物保护技术系

出　　处：《四川文物》2020年第4期40-49,共10页Sichuan Cultural Relics

基　　金：2017年甘肃省科技计划自助项目“基于数据融合的麦积山石窟壁画渲染修复技术研究”(项目编号:17YF1FE100);2019年度甘肃省教育厅项目“传承与创新视野下纸质文物修裱浆糊的制备及应用研究”(项目编号:2019B-123)。

摘　　要：多璜式组玉佩是周代大型玉佩饰的主流形制,流行于西周至春秋中晚期。目前发现并复原的20余件多璜式组玉佩,均出自诸侯及其夫人或次夫人墓,是墓主人身份地位的象征物。这些多璜式组玉佩自上而下用朱线将玉璜、玉珠管按照尺寸递增或递减的规律穿系而成,所用玉璜为青玉或青白玉,且多由旧玉改制而成。组玉佩用璜数量多寡与佩戴者身份地位有关,并且遵循主观意识形态下较为统一的以璜为核心的佩璜规范。Multi-Huang( 璜, a jade tablet in the form of a semi ring) jade ornament sets were the mainstream of large jade ornaments in the Zhou Dynasty, which prevailed during the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Spring and Autumn Period. From well preserved Zhou Dynasty burials which were not looted or disturbed, more than 20 sets of multi-Huang jade ornaments have been found and restored, which can be divided into three types. The multi-Huang jade ornament sets were exclusively unearthed at burials of vassals with distinguished identities or their consorts, not available in the burials of other nobilities. Not only did they symbolize the status of tomb occupants, but also helped to maintain their elegant deportment. The multi-Huang jade ornament sets show three features in the selection of jade materials, types of decorative patterns and the manners of threading jade Huang. Firstly, the materials of Huang were mainly green jade or greenish white jade;dragons in varying shapes were the most common patterns;and the jade Huang were threaded with scarlet strings, in an increasing order of sizes from top to bottom. Secondly, the number of Jade Huang was determined by the status of the wearer, which lacked a strict system, but more Huang were used for vassals than their consorts. Thirdly, jade Huang used in the ornament sets were mostly remodeled from old jade wares,which was probably related to King Wu’s policy to share gems and jades with vassals as rewards for conciliation, or due to blocked sources of jade material.

关 键 词：周代 多璜式组玉佩 穿系方式 佩璜规范 

分 类 号：K876.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K224[历史地理—历史学]