2017—2018年茂名市电白区登革热媒介白纹伊蚊密度监测及其抗药性调查  

Monitoring on the density of dengue fever vector Aedes albopictus and its insecticide resistance in Dianbai District of Maoming City in 2017 and 2018

作　　者：王勤[1] 侯春霞[1] 何国桓[1] 程亚媛 梁燕萍[1] WANG Qin;HOU Chun-xia;HE Guo-huan;CHENG Ya-yuan;LIANG Yan-ping(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Maoming City,Maoming 525000,China)

机构地区：[1]茂名市疾病预防控制中心,广东茂名525000

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2020年第4期322-325,共4页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

摘　　要：目的了解茂名市电白区白纹伊蚊密度的季节消长规律,掌握其对常见杀虫剂的抗性水平,为蚊媒防治提供科学依据。方法每年3—11月,在茂名市电白区各种生境分别采用布雷图指数(BI)法、容器指数法(CI)、诱蚊诱卵器(MOI)法对白纹伊蚊幼虫和成蚊进行密度监测,并采集野外蚊种进行饲养繁殖,采用浸渍法、诊断剂量法测定幼虫和成蚊对常用杀虫剂的抗性水平。结果茂名市电白区白纹伊蚊密度2017年全年平均BI、CI、MOI分别为5.57、3.03、5.93;2018年全年平均BI、CI、MOI分别为4.14、2.65、4.82;每年6—9月为高峰期。2017年、2018年电白区的蚊幼对双硫磷、倍硫磷、溴氰菊酯的抗性倍数分别为1.079、1.524和0.578倍,为敏感水平;对右旋苯醚菊酯抗性水平为中抗,抗性倍数为10.791倍。成蚊接触3%氯菊酯药膜1 h后,24 h死亡率为100%,属于敏感水平;接触0.4%高效氯氰菊酯、0.2%杀螟硫磷药膜1 h后,24 h死亡率分别为93.33%、88.33%,为可能抗性。结论茂名市电白区白纹伊蚊对常见卫生杀虫剂右旋苯醚菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯和杀螟硫磷产生了抗药性,提示在蚊媒防治上要以清理蚊媒孳生地为基础,综合化学防治等措施,延缓蚊媒抗性的产生,避免过度用药,造成环境污染。Objective To realize the growth and decline situation with seasons of Aedes albopictus density in Dianbai District of Maoming City,and know its resistance to commonly used insecticides,so as to provide scientific basis for control of mosquitoes.Methods From March to November in 2017 and 2018,Breteau index(BI),container index(CI)and mosq-ovitrap(MOI) were used to monitor densities of Ae.albopictus in different types of breeding environment in Dianbai District of Maoming City.Wild mosquitoes were collected and reared in the lab.Impregnation method and dose diagnostic method were used to test the resistance levels of Ae.albopictus larvae and adults to commonly used insecticides.Results In Dianbai District of Maoming City,the average values of BI,CI and MOI were 5.57,3.03 and 5.93 in 2017,4.14,2.65 and 4.82 in 2018 respectively.The density peak of Ae.albopictus occurred between June and September.The resistance ratioes of Ae.albopictus larvae to temephos,fenthion and deltamethrin were 1.079,1.524 and 0.578 respectively,at sensitive level.The resistance ratio to d-phenothrin was 10.791,at moderate resistant level.The 24 h mortality of Ae.albopictus adults was 100% after contacting with the 3% pemethrin film for 1 h,at sensitive level.When the adults touched 0.4% beta-cypermethrin film,and 0.2% sumithion film for 1 h,the 24 h mortalities were 93.33% and 88.33% respectively,at possible resistance level.Conclusion Ae.albopictus in Dianbai District of Maoming City evolved resistance to commonly used insecticides d-phenothrin,beta-cypermethrin and sumithion.The vector control should mainly rely on cleaning breeding sites,and assisted with integrated management including rational usage of chemical insecticides,so as to postpone the development of resistance,and avoid environment pollution caused by overuse of chemicals.

关 键 词：白纹伊蚊 密度监测 抗药性 

分 类 号：R384.1[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学] S481.4[医药卫生—基础医学]