基于簇首负载均衡的无线传感器网络分层路由协议  

Wireless Sensor Networks Hierarchical Routing Protocol Based on Cluster Head Load Balancing

作　　者：贺道德 徐计 黄正鹏 HE Dao-de;XU Ji;HUANG Zheng-peng(School of Information Engineering, Guizhou University of Engineering Science, Bijie 551700,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州工程应用技术学院信息工程学院,毕节551700

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2020年第22期9122-9127,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61966005);贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY字[2018]391,黔教合KY字[2016]289);贵州省科技厅、毕节市科技局、贵州工程应用技术学院联合基金(黔科合LH字[2014]7530号);贵州省重点支持学科资助项目(黔学位合字ZDXK[2014]26号)。

摘　　要：针对分层无线传感器网络的簇首选择开销大,靠近汇聚节点(Sink)的簇首容易负载过重,且路由需经多跳才能至Sink而导致时延大等问题,提出充分考虑簇首负载均衡的路由协议;采用多Sink节点来构建网络,运用接收信号强度指示对网络进行梯度分簇,使用移动传感节点在簇首和Sink之间转发数据;仿真实验验证了上述方案能有效地均衡无线传感器网络中的簇首负载,从而降低网络传输时延与能耗,提高网络生存周期;对于解决无线传感器网络单点失效及网络能耗高等问题有重要的价值。The wireless sensor networks(WSN)have problems such as the cluster head near sink node is overloaded,the cost of cluster head election is large,and the large time delay is caused by that the route of multiple hops to sink.To deal with these problems,a routing protocol was proposed based on cluster head load balancing.Multi sink nodes were used to construct the network,and received signal strength indication(RSSI)was used to cluster the network in gradient.The mobile nodes were used to forward data between cluster head and sink.The simulation results show that the above scheme can effectively balance the cluster head load in wireless sensor networks,reduce the network transmission delay and energy consumption,and improve the network life cycle.It is of great value to solve the single point failure and high energy consumption of wireless sensor networks.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 分层路由协议 负载均衡 多汇聚节点 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]