基于交通大数据的超限超载车辆时空分析  

Spatio-temporal Analysis of Oversize-Overweight(OSOW)Vehicle based on Transportation Big Data

作　　者：胡斯然 周博闻 张天宇 HU Si-ran;ZHOU Bo-wen;ZHANG Tian-yu(Hunan Communications Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Changsha 410015,China;Hunan Provincial Communications Planning Survey&Design Institute,Changsha 410008,China;China Harbour Engineering Company Limited,Beijing 100027,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省交通科学研究院有限公司,长沙市410015 [2]湖南省交通规划勘察设计院有限公司,长沙市410008 [3]中国港湾工程有限责任公司,北京市100027

出　　处：《公路》2020年第8期349-359,共11页Highway

基　　金：国家自然科学基金,项目编号51905007。

摘　　要：随着我国道路交通的飞速发展,道路运输总量的不断增加,超限超载车辆因其导致的高交通事故死亡率、基础设施的破坏、人力物力财力的损失,现已成为一个涉及社会多方面的综合性问题。为了从交通大数据分析的角度寻找技术支持超限超载管理的方法,通过文献回顾、调研、时空分析的方法,结合"以用户为中心"的思想,对陕西省超限超载现状和车辆运行特征进行了分析。通过研究,提出基于Hausdoff距离的轨迹聚类算法可用于超限超载车辆运行区域的鉴别;提出相应指标(HPV,PDRC,CFRC)并对其结果进行量化分析,发现超限超载车辆夜间行驶比例高,低等级道路比例高,跨道路等级转换频次高等特征;结合地理信息系统,用实例验证指标的有效性。结果对道路上检测站的宏观布局、检测的时间地点的微观调整和规划都具有明显的指导作用,对于辅助超限超载车辆管理以及由此改善道路安全状况有重要的指导意义与实际价值。With the rapid development of road transportation in China and the continuous increase of road transportation volume,the oversize and overweight(OSOW)vehicles have become a comprehensive problem involving many aspects of society due to their high traffic accident mortality,infrastructure damage,and loss of human resource,materials and finance.In order to find the method of technical support for overload management from the point of view of traffic data analysis,the current situation of truck data in Shaanxi Province are analyzed through literature review,investigation and time-space analysis,combined with the idea of user-oriented.Through the study,the trajectory clustering algorithm based on Hausdoff distance is proposed to identify the running hot area of OSOW vehicles;the corresponding indicators(HPV,PDRC,CFRC)are proposed and the results are analyzed quantitatively.It is found that the OSOW vehicles have high percentage of driving at night,high proportion of driving on low-categorized roads and high frequency of changing road class that driving on.Combining with geographic information system,the effectiveness of indicators is verified by examples.The results have an obvious guiding effect on the macro layout of the road detection stations,the micro adjustment and planning of the detection time and place,and have important guiding significance and practical value for assisting the management of overloaded vehicles and thus improving the road safety situation.

关 键 词：交通运输 超限超载管理 时空分析 用户需求 轨迹聚类算法 车辆运行特征 

分 类 号：U491.4[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]