阿尔卑斯地区滑雪场的发展历程与启示  

Development Process and Enlightenment of Alps Ski Resorts

作　　者：叶茂盛 刘波 王福秋[2] 伊诺 邱招义[4] YE Maosheng;LIU Bo;WANG Fuqiu;YI Nuo;QIU Zhaoyi(Department of Physical Education,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;School of Humanity and Law,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China;School of Society and Population,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;Olympic Advanced Research Institute,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学体育部,北京100084 [2]北京化工大学文法学院,北京100029 [3]中国人民大学社会与人口学院,北京100872 [4]北京体育大学奥林匹克高等研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《沈阳体育学院学报》2020年第5期74-82,共9页Journal of Shenyang Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目资助项目“2022冬奥会对我国雪上运动项目的影响研究”(16ATY004);国家重点研发计划课题“冬季项目运动员专项能力特征和科学选材关键技术”(2018YFF0300406);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(15YJC890008);中国博士后基金项目(2020M670266)。

摘　　要：为了解阿尔卑斯地区滑雪场发展的规律,采用文献资料法和专家访谈法对阿尔卑斯地区滑雪场发展的历程和关键影响因素进行分析。研究认为:阿尔卑斯地区滑雪场的发展是一个"贵族模式→大众模式→社区模式"的连续变化过程,也是一个"文化势能"逐渐削弱、"资本含量"逐渐增加的商业化过程。其中最重要的影响因素有4种:文化势能、制度体系、工业技术和资本与社区的互动。建议:我国政府应关注滑雪场集中区域的"文化势能",鼓励和资助滑雪场关键技术系统和相关制度体系的建设,并着力构筑滑雪场发展的"社区模式"。In order to understand the laws of the development of ski resorts in the Alps,the methods of literature review and expert interview are used to analyze the development process and key influencing factors of the ski resorts in the Alps.The research concludes that the development of ski resorts in the Alps is a "noble mode→mass mode→community mode" continuous change process,and also a commercialization process in which the "cultural potential" gradually weakens and the "capital content" gradually increases.Among them,there are four most important influencing factors:cultural potential,institutional system,industrial technology and the interaction of capital and communities.Suggestions:Chinese government should pay attention to the "cultural potential" in areas where ski resorts are concentrated,encourage and fund the construction of ski resorts’ key technical systems and related institutional systems,and strive to build a "community model" for ski resort development.

关 键 词：阿尔卑斯地区 滑雪场 滑雪运动 文化势能 社区模型 

分 类 号：G863.1[文化科学—体育训练]