腰椎间盘疲劳损伤的生物力学特性  

Biomechanical characteristics of the lumbar disc after fatigue injury

作　　者：解志锋 刘清 刘冰[1,2] 张涛 李琨 张春秋[1,2] 孙艳芳 Xie Zhifeng;Liu Qing;Liu Bing;Zhang Tao;Li Kun;Zhang Chunqiu;Sun Yanfang(Tianjin Advanced Mechanical and Electrical System Design and Intelligent Control Key Laboratory,Tianjin 300384,China;National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering(Tianjin University of Technology),Tianjin 300384,China;School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市先进机电系统设计与智能控制重点实验室,天津市300384 [2]机电工程国家级实验教学示范中心(天津理工大学),天津市300384 [3]天津理工大学电气电子工程学院,天津市300384

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2021年第3期339-343,共5页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(11802207),项目负责人:刘清;天津市自然科学基金青年项目(17JCQNJC14200),项目负责人:刘清~~。

摘　　要：背景:腰椎间盘突出症在临床上十分常见,其病理基础是腰椎间盘退变。长期力学负荷被认为是导致腰椎间盘突出的重要原因,由于腰椎间盘突出的发生与其力学状态有着密切关系,因此有必要深入研究腰椎间盘内的应力、应变行为,从而为预防腰椎间盘突出提出启示。目的:探讨疲劳损伤对于腰椎间盘整体及其内部不同区域力学性能变化规律的影响。方法:使用刚宰杀的羊腰椎间盘,将其处理后取L1-L2,L3-L4,L5-L6运动节段制作实验样本。通过上下椎骨将实验样本固定在实验平台上,进行准静态压缩-循环加载压缩-准静态压缩实验。取L3-L4运动节段平行于矢状面切开,使用非接触式数字图像相关技术记录准静态压缩过程中腰椎间盘的内部形变。结果与结论:①研究结果表明,所有腰椎间盘均呈现非线性的载荷-位移、应力-应变特性曲线;②疲劳载荷的影响:疲劳加载之后,腰椎间盘的杨氏模量明显增加;③节段变化的影响:腰椎间盘杨氏模量随着节段变化而变化,且呈现如下变化规律:L5-L6<L3-L4<L1-L2节段;④加载速率的影响:对压缩速率为0.01 mm/s和0.1 mm/s状态下力学性能进行比较可知,随着准静态压缩速率的增加,腰椎间盘的杨氏模量明显增加;⑤内部位移分布:疲劳加载对于垂直压缩下腰椎间盘内部位移分布有显著影响;疲劳加载之前,背侧纤维环上层轴向位移最大,内层径向位移略小于外层;疲劳加载之后,背侧纤维环上层轴向位移最小,内层径向位移明显小于外层;⑥此次研究工作对于日常生活中预防腰椎间盘突出具有重要的理论指导意义。BACKGROUND:Lumbar disc herniation is a common clinical disease,and its pathological basis is disc degeneration.Long-term mechanical load is considered to be an important cause of lumbar disc degeneration.Because the occurrence of lumbar disc herniation is strongly associated with its mechanical state,it is necessary to further study the stress/strain behavior in the lumbar disc to provide inspiration for preventing lumbar disc herniation.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the effect of fatigue loading on mechanical properties of the whole and different regions of the intervertebral disc.METHODS:The freshly slaughtered sheep lumbar intervertebral discs L1-L2,L3-L4,and L5-L6 were obtained and made into experimental samples.The experimental samples were fixed on the experimental platform through the upper and lower vertebrae,and a quasi-static compression-cyclic loading compression-quasi-static compression experiment was performed.The L3-L4 motion segment was cut parallel to the sagittal plane,and the non-contact digital image correlation technique was used to record the internal deformation of the lumbar disc during compression.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results showed that all lumbar intervertebral discs exhibited non-linear load-displacement and stress-strain characteristics.(2)Effect of fatigue loading:The Young’s modulus of the lumbar intervertebral disc increased significantly after fatigue loading.(3)Impact of segment changes:The Young’s modulus changed with segment changes as follows:L5-L6 segments<L3-L4 segments<L1-L2 segments.(3)Effect of loading rate:Comparing the mechanical properties under the compression rate of 0.01 mm/s and 0.1 mm/s,it could be seen that with the increase of the compression rate,the Young’s modulus of the intervertebral disc increased significantly.(5)Internal displacement distribution:Fatigue loading had a significant effect on the internal displacement distribution of the lumbar disc under compression.Before fatigue loading,the axial displacement in upper afferent fiber was largest,and

关 键 词：骨 腰椎 腰椎间盘突出 疲劳 纤维环 垂直压缩 数字图像 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318[医药卫生—临床医学]