从传统地缘政治学视角看冷战时期美国艾森豪威尔政府的“遏制”战略  

On Eisenhower Government’s Containment Strategy from the Perspective of Traditional Geopolitics

作　　者：侯典芹 HOU Dianqin

机构地区：[1]烟台大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《南亚东南亚研究》2020年第4期28-39,153,共13页South and Southeast Asian Studies

摘　　要：冷战前期,艾森豪威尓时期对外政策的主调,基本上延续了杜鲁门时期的“遏制”战略,而且在程度方面有所加强。从“多米诺骨牌”理论到艾森豪威尔主义,从巴格达条约组织到东南亚条约组织,艾森豪威尔政府的对外政策经历了从理论到实践的演变过程,美国“遏制”战略的地缘空间进一步扩大。从地缘政治的视角来看,无论是美国加强在东南亚地区的政治和军事存在,还是在“艾森豪威尔主义”的促动下大规模介入中东地区事务,其对外政策的核心目标仍然是针对占据欧亚大陆“心脏地带”的苏联,其“遏制”力量的地理空间配置仍主要放在欧亚大陆的“边缘地带”。从这个角度看,艾森豪威尔政府的对外政策仍然受到了传统地缘政治学的深刻影响。Although Dulles had put forward the so-called“liberation”policy,throughout the main tone of Eisenhower’s foreign policy,it basically continued the containment strategy of Truman’s period,and strengthened to some extent.From the domino theory to Eisenhower Doctrine,from the Baghdad Treaty Organization to the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization,Eisenhower Administration’s foreign policy has gone through the evolution process from theory to implementation,and the geopolitical space of American containment strategy has further expanded.From the perspective of geopolitics,whether the United States strengthens its political and military presence in Southeast Asia under the guise of domino theory,or intervenes in the affairs of the Middle East on a large scale under the impetus of Eisenhower Doctrine,the core goal of its foreign policy is still the Soviet Union,which occupies the“heart zone”of Eurasia,and the geographical space allocation of its“containment”force.It is still mainly located in the“marginal zone”of Eurasia.Therefore,the foreign policy of Eisenhower administration is still deeply influenced by the traditional geopolitics.

关 键 词：多米诺骨牌理论 艾森豪威尔主义 遏制战略 传统地缘政治学 东南亚条约组织 

分 类 号：K901.4[历史地理—人文地理学] D871.2[政治法律—政治学]