越南后黎朝史臣吴士连史学思想探析  

Research on the Historiography Ideas of Ngo Si Lien in Later Le Dynasty

作　　者：叶少飞[1] YE Shaofei

机构地区：[1]红河学院越南研究中心

出　　处：《南亚东南亚研究》2020年第4期119-134,157,158,共18页South and Southeast Asian Studies

基　　金：2018年国家社科基金重大项目“越南汉喃文献整理与古代中越关系研究”(18ZDA208);2015年度国家社会科学基金青年项目“越南古代史学研究”(15CSS004)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1479年后黎朝史官吴士连在黎文休和潘孚先两部《大越史记》的基础上撰成编年体通史《大越史记全书》十五卷,此书学习司马光《资治通鉴》的体裁和体例,以朱熹《资治通鉴纲目》思想衡断史事,记述了越地自上古传说时期的鸿庞氏至黎太祖初年的历史,以“纪”将数千年的史事塑造为连续的整体。吴士连明确了越地的国统起源与正统的延续,越地与中原王朝“各帝一方”,成为兄弟之国。吴士连继承了黎文休的史论传统,以孔子春秋大义以及朱熹的纲常之道论史,形成丰富全面的史论体系,也是朱熹史学思想在越南史学中的第一次运用。吴士连的《大越史记全书》很快产生影响,1511年史馆总裁武琼在其基础上编纂《大越通鉴通考》,1514年黎嵩又据武琼书作《越鉴通考总论》。1665年范公著选择吴士连《大越史记全书》十五卷为基础,结合武琼之作,调整结构与内容,增补黎初及中兴黎朝史事,续编《大越史记全书》至二十三卷。1697年黎僖再增补一卷,刻印《大越史记全书》二十四卷,流传天下。《大越史记全书》十五卷是越南古代史学发展的里程碑著作,吴士连的史著和史学思想得到了后世史家的继承与发扬,成为古代越南社会政治文化发展的基础。In 1479,the royal historian of Later Le Dynasty,Ngo Si Lien had compiled The history of Great Vietnam(Đại Việt sửkýtoàn thư)in 15 volumes based on two principle historical sources by Le Van Huu and Phan Phu Tien without the order from the Emperor Le Thanh Tong.Ngo Si Lien picked the historiography methods and ideas from Zizhi Tongjian by Sima Quang,and made comments for Vietnamese history with the ideas of Zhu Xi and his great work Zizhi Tongjian Gangmu.Ngo Si Lien recorded the long history of Vietnam from ancient Hong Bang to the beginning of Later Le dynasty by the type of Ji(纪).Ngo Si Lien continued the historiography assessments from Le Van Huu and developed it to a comprehensive and abundant historiography system.From his historical perspective,Ngo Si Lien often made positive or negative comments on historical figures who acted with or against the rule of Confucianism.Ngo Si Lien and his works had influenced other historiographers,Vu Quynh edited another history book on the basis of Ngo Si Lien in 1511,three years later Le Tung wrote one great historiography comment paper.In the year of 1665,under the supervision of Pham Cong Tru,the 15-volume The History of Great Vietnam was added many supplemental contents about the reign of Later Le dynasty to 23 volumes.In 1697,Le Hy supplemented one volume and printed the 24-volume The History of Great Vietnam.Ngo Si Lien’s work was the foundation of Vietnamese history,other historiographers inherited and carried forward his ideas.Ngo Si Lien and his book had great contribution for development of Vietnamese ancient historiography.

关 键 词：越南史学 吴士连 《大越史记全书》 《资治通鉴纲目》 史论传统 

分 类 号：K093.33[历史地理—历史学]