地球剖分型GIS数据模型  

A GIS Data Model Based on Global Subdivision Grid

作　　者：苗双喜 程承旗[3] 任伏虎 陈波[3] 童晓冲[5] 濮国梁[3] MIAO Shuangxi;CHENG Chengqi;REN Fuhu;CHEN Bo;TONG Xiaochong;PU Guoliang(Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100094,China;China Academy of Safety Sciences and Technology,Beijing 100012,China;College of Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Beijing Institute of Big Data Research,Beijing100871,China;Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京100094 [2]中国安全生产科学研究院,北京100012 [3]北京大学工学院,北京100871 [4]北京大数据研究院,北京100871 [5]战略支援部队信息工程大学,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《地理信息世界》2020年第4期22-29,共8页Geomatics World

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB0505300);国家自然科学基金项目(41801301)资助。

摘　　要：数据模型是进行数据管理、计算、分析与表达的基础。传统的数据模型(矢量、栅格、面向对象)是一类以几何要素、影像、实体为对象的面向对象数据模型,难以满足多模态时空大数据的整合、组织管理需求。对时空过程的离散化,形成时空单元并按相应编码进行数据快速检索已成为大数据降维处理的重要方法。首次提出一种面向域管理的数据模型—地球剖分型GIS数据模型,它把事物的发展变化看作是在时间和空间域离散单元的重新聚合,它打破传统数据模型中因数据格式制约数据融合管理的壁垒,它是全球剖分地理信息系统的核心。在选取适宜的全时空剖分和编码方法基础上,建立了时空数据统一组织与管理框架,设计了逻辑模型和概念模型;通过低空空域管理和智慧城市部件精细化管理实验,验证该模型在时空大数据组织与管理中的可行性与高效性。为多源数据统一组织与高效管理,特别是时空大数据的融合管理提供理论支撑。Data model is the fundamental of data management,calculation and visualization.Conventional data model such as vector,raster,or object-oriented model is designed for geometric features,images and entities.They can not meet the requirements of integration,organization and management of multi-source spatio-temporal data.Recently,the derivation of spatiotemporal units by discretizating provides possible solutions to dimension reduction.This article overcomes the constrains of data formats and data integration of traditional data models and proposes a new GIS(Geographic Information System)model based on the concept of discrete global grid system.The model is constructed based on the global subdivision grid,which is the core of the global subdivision GIS and works for spatiotemporal data.We propose the unified organization and management framework for spatiotemporal data,and design the logic and concepts models.We apply the proposed model to low-altitude airspace management and refined management of components of smart cities.Results indicate that this model is workable and efficient.The proposed model provides supports for the unified organization and management of multi-source data.It also helps integration of spatiotemporal data.

关 键 词：剖分数据模型 全球离散网格系统 数据组织与管理 全球网格地理信息系统 GeoSOT 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]