我国辣椒病毒病发生情况及发展趋势--基于2018年和2019年辣椒主产区的调查  

Occurrence and Development Trend of Pepper Virus Disease in China—Based on Main Pepper Producing Areas Investigation in 2018 and 2019

作　　者：于海龙[1] 靳远 刘婧[1] 张宝玺[1] 张正海[1] 曹亚从 王立浩[1] YU Hai-long;JIN Yuan;LIU Jing;ZHANG Bao-xi;ZHANG Zheng-hai;CAO Ya-cong;WANG Li-hao(Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2020年第9期25-30,共6页China Vegetables

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31902010);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(ICS,CAAS,1610032011011);农业农村部大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-25-A-07);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目。

摘　　要：为明确我国辣椒病毒病的种类和发展趋势,2018年和2019年在我国16个省(市、自治区)辣椒主产区采集具有病毒病疑似症状的样品105份,利用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附反应(DAS-ELISA)对12种辣椒主要病毒进行检测。结果表明,有70份样品为病毒病感染样品,病毒检出率为66.67%。检出病毒种类共10种,其中辣椒轻斑驳病毒(Pepper mild mottle virus,PMMoV)检出率最高,为24.76%,其次为黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)、蚕豆萎蔫病毒(Broad bean wilt virus,BBWV)、烟草蚀纹病毒(Tobacco etch virus,TEV)和番茄斑萎病毒(Tomato spotted wilt virus,TSWV),检出率分别为19.05%、12.38%、12.38%和10.48%。我国辣椒主产区多种病毒复合侵染发生较为普遍,病毒复合侵染率为40%,其中以2种病毒复合侵染比例最高,为28.57%。通过对两年辣椒病毒病检测结果进行比较,12种病毒中有7种检出率有上升趋势。总体而言,PMMoV和CMV为近两年危害我国辣椒生产较为严重的病毒病;此外,PMMoV、BBWV-1,2、TEV、TSWV具有流行风险,需要严加防范。In order to identify the kinds and development trends of pepper diseases in China,a total of 105 samples with suspected infected symptoms of virus diseases were collected in the main pepper producing areas of 16 provinces(municipalities,autonomous regions)in China from 2018-2019.The 12 major pepper viruses were detected by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(DAS-ELISA).The results showed that 70 samples were infected with virus diseases.The virus detection rate was 66.67%,and 10 kinds of viruses were detected.Among them,PMMoV had the highest detection rate-24.76%,followed by CMV,BBWV-1,2,TEV and TSWV.Their detection rates were 19.05%,12.38%,12.38%,and 10.48%,respectively.The complex infection of multiple viruses is relatively common in the pepper producing areas of China.The complex infection rate of viruses was 40%.Among them,the complex infection rate of 2 kinds virus was the highest reaching 28.57%.Comparing the virus disease testing results between 2018 and 2019,the detection rate of 7 viruses had arising trend.In summary,this study found that PMMoV and CMV were the severer viruses harming China's pepper production in recent 2 years.In addition,PMMoV,BBWV-1,2,TEV,and TSWV damages were on the rise having epidemic risk.

关 键 词：辣椒 病毒病 DAS-ELISA 病害调查 复合侵染 

分 类 号：S436.418.12[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]