梯形消力池在官地水电站的应用  

Application of trapezoid stilling basin in Guandi Hydropower Station

作　　者：闫勇 陈强 YAN Yong;CHEN Qiang(PowerChina Chengdu Engineering Co.,ltd.,Chengdu 610072,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建集团,成都勘测设计研究院有限公司,四川成都610072

出　　处：《人民长江》2020年第8期147-150,185,共5页Yangtze River

摘　　要：消力池体型设计是底流消能建筑物设计中的关键技术问题之一。在常规的二元底流消力池设计中,为确保底流消力池内水流流态的稳定性,两侧边墙大多采用直立墙布置方式。官地水电站大坝下游消能区范围内两岸岸坡地形坡度较缓,且在采用表孔宽尾墩等消能布置后,水流的三元特性已十分明显。为结合消力池两岸边坡的自然坡度,用贴坡式斜边墙代替衡重式直边墙,开展了消力池边墙体型水工模型试验对比研究,首次提出了跌坎型底流消力池斜边墙设计技术。试验成果表明:消力池边墙采用对称斜坡布置后,由于消力池体积增大,出池宽度增大,使消能更为充分,出池水流与下游河道的衔接也更为平稳。在主流区两侧虽有回流出现,但回流强度不大,且在如下两个方面有利于水流流态的稳定:①两侧回流的出现有助于避免“主流贴近两侧”流态的出现,具有稳定水流流态的作用;②两侧回流的存在,可以增加反弧末端跌坎坎顶断面的水深,进而提高高速入池水流的淹没深度,有利于提高整个消力池的消能效率。The shape design of stilling basin is one of the key technical problems in the design of energy dissipation by hydraulic jump.In the conventional design of the two-dimensional stilling basin,in order to ensure the stability of the flow pattern in the stilling basin,vertical wall is mostly adopted for the side walls.Both bank slopes in the downstream energy dissipation area of Guandi Hydropower Station are gentle,and the three-dimensional characteristics of water flow are very obvious due to flaring gate piers.In order to utilize natural slopes of the stilling basin and replace the vertical sidewall with the inclined sidewall,a comparative study on the hydraulic model test of the stilling basin sidewall was carried out,and the inclined sidewall of the stilling basin was proposed for the first time.The test results show that,when the inclined sidewall is arranged,due to the increase of stilling basin volume and outlet width,the energy dissipation is more sufficient,and the connection between outlet flow and downstream channel is more stable.Although there is back flow on both sides,the intensity of back flow is not large,and it is conducive to the stability of flow pattern in following two aspects:①The back flow on both sides is helpful to avoid the flow pattern of“main flow close to both sides”and has the function of stabilizing the flow pattern.②The existence of back flow on both sides can increase the water depth in stilling basin,and then increase the submergence depth of the high-speed water flow,which is conducive to improve the energy dissipation efficiency of the whole stilling basin.

关 键 词：梯形消力池 底流消能 斜边墙 高水头 大流量 官地水电站 

分 类 号：TV653[水利工程—水利水电工程]