2008—2018年黄山市酸雨污染特征变化趋势分析  

Analysis on the Trend of Acid Rain Pollution Characteristics from 2008 to 2018 in Huangshan City

作　　者：程龙[1] 董昊[1] 刘阳 朱余[1] CHENG Long;DONG Hao;LIU Yang;ZHU Yu(Anhui Environmental Monitoring Center,Hefei 230071,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省环境监测中心站,安徽合肥230071

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2020年第4期89-95,共7页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0213800)。

摘　　要：采用2008—2018年黄山市酸雨监测数据,阐述了黄山市酸雨变化特征及成因。结果表明:黄山市降水p H在5.0左右徘徊;酸雨频率在2017年以前均处于高位,以2017年为拐点,下降到最低值(35.7%)。总体上,黄山市酸雨污染情况正在得到改善,但形势依然严峻。SO4^2-和NO3^-的当量浓度之比从2013年的4.09下降到2018年的1.10;SO2和NOx排放量逐年减少,但是幅度不同,NOx排放量下降幅度不大,致使NOx对酸雨的贡献有增加的趋势;酸雨类型由硫酸型转变为硫酸型和硝酸型并重,机动车排放对酸雨污染的贡献已不可忽视。对黄山市降水中的碱性离子中和能力进行分析发现,黄山市起主要中和作用的离子为NH4^+和Ca^2+。将黄山市降水与其他地区降水进行对比发现,黄山市降水受到的中和作用强于东南地区,但弱于北方地区。Based on the local monitoring data of acid rain from 2008 to 2018,the characteristics and causes of acid rain in Huangshan City was analyzed. The results showed that p H value of precipitation in Huangshan City was always around 5. 0,the frequency of acid rain remained high before 2017,and it was the turning point in 2017 with a minimum of 35. 7%. In general,the situation of acid rain in Huangshan City was improving,but the situation was still severe. The concentrations of ratio of SO4^2-/NO3^-decreased from 4. 09 in 2013 to 1. 10 in 2018,and sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides emissions decreased year by year. Meanwhile nitrogen oxides emissions did not decreased significantly,indicated that the contribution of nitrogen oxides to acid rain pollution was increased. The pattern of acid rain converted from"sulfuric acid"to"mixed pollution of sulfuric acid and nitric acid",which implied that the contribution of vehicle emissions to acid rain was increased in Huangshan City. Analysis of the neutralization ability of alkaline ions in precipitation in Huangshan City showed that the main neutralizing ions were NH4^+and Ca^2+. Comparing the precipitation in Huangshan City with other regions,it was found that the neutralization effect of precipitation in Huangshan City was stronger than in the Southeast China but weaker than in the North China.

关 键 词：黄山市 PH 酸雨频率 离子浓度 

分 类 号：X517[环境科学与工程—环境工程]