硝酸酯增塑GAP推进剂网络结构断键薄弱点表征  

Characterization of broken key weak point in network structure of GAP propellant plasticized by nitrate

作　　者：聂海英[1,2] 安百强 黄志萍 白杰[1,2] 刘治国 周明川[1,2] NIE Haiying;AN Baiqiang;HUANG Zhiping;BAI Jie;LIU Zhiguo;ZHOU Mingchuan(Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemical Technology,Xiangyang 441003,China;Aerospace Chemical Power Technology Key Laboratory,Xiangyang 441003,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北航天化学技术研究所,襄阳441003 [2]航天化学技术重点实验室,襄阳441003

出　　处：《固体火箭技术》2020年第3期280-284,共5页Journal of Solid Rocket Technology

摘　　要：硝酸酯增塑的叠氮聚醚(GAP)推进剂是固体推进剂的重点发展方向之一,研究其网络结构的特性,可为推进剂配方研制提供理论依据和技术支持。为弄清硝酸酯增塑的GAP推进剂网络结构老化过程中的化学组成变化及其断键薄弱点,采用索氏提取法和酸溶解法,制备出了纯的GAP推进剂凝胶。通过采用红外光谱、元素分析、热重差示扫描量热同步热分析、热重红外联用和环境扫描电子显微镜等分析技术,表征出了推进剂老化前后网络结构的化学组成及其断键薄弱点。结果表明,推进剂网络结构的化学组成为叠氮聚醚聚氨酯,老化后网络结构羟基量增多,叠氮基量减弱,且网络结构颜色由米白色变为红色,网络链易被氧化断裂,网络中的空洞变大,断裂部位首先发生在叠氮基上,其次发生在高分子主链上的氨基甲酸酯键和碳氧碳键。The glycidylazide polyether(GAP) propellant plasticized by nitrates is one of the key development directions of solid propellant, and investigation on its network structure can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the development of propellant formulation. In order to find out the chemical composition change and the key point of bond breaking down of nitrates plasticized GAP propellant during the aging process, pure GAP propellant gels were prepared by Soxhlet extraction and acid dissolution.The chemical composition of the network structure and the weak points of bond breaking before and after the aging of the propellant were characterized by means of infrared spectrum, element analysis, thermogravimetry differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry infrared and environmental scanning electron microscope. The results show that the chemical composition of the network structure of the propellant is azido polyether polyurethane. After aging, the amount of hydroxyl group in the network structure increases, the amount of azido group weakens, and the network structure changes from beige to red. The network chain is easy to be oxidized and broken, and the voids in the network become larger. The breaking position first occurs on the azido group, then on the carbamate bond and oxygen carbon bond of polymer main chain.

关 键 词：叠氮聚醚推进剂 老化性能 网络结构 断键薄弱点 硝酸酯 

分 类 号：V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]