近真浊度理论及其在低浊度水测量中的应用  

The Approximate True Turbidity Theory and Its Application in Low Turbidity Water Measurement

作　　者：宋博 张世红 余得昭 孟宪献 郑波 SONG Bo;ZHANG Shi-hong;YU De-zhao;MENG Xian-xian;ZHENG Bo(Hack Water Quality Analytical InstrumentsCo.Ltd.,Shanghai 200335,China;Tianjin Monitoring Station,National Drinking Water Quality Monitoring Net,Tianjin 300240,China)

机构地区：[1]哈希水质分析仪器<上海>有限公司,上海200335 [2]国家城市供水水质监测网天津监测站,天津300240

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2020年第14期146-152,共7页China Water & Wastewater

摘　　要：对于低浊度水样(浊度<0.1 NTU),不同仪器间的检测结果差异明显,因此如何获得更客观的检测数据尤为重要。为此,首次提出了近真浊度理论,并给出了其测定方法。近真浊度也称为近似真实浊度,是指一种无限趋近于仅由悬浮颗粒物及胶体所引起的浊度,即无限趋近于浊度真实值,这些颗粒物和胶体包括泥砂、黏土、藻类、有机物质、微生物有机体等。通过在表观浊度值中扣除现有的技术手段制备出的无限接近零浊度的实验室用纯水浊度值即仪器的零示值误差,就可以得到近真浊度值。近真浊度和现行的浊度概念的最大的区别在于,近真浊度去除了由光源、仪器光路、检测器种类、系统杂散光、信号值计算方法、校准验证方法等方面产生的零示值误差,去除了零示值误差的结果会无限接近于浊度真实值。近真浊度这一概念的提出可以有效解决低浊度领域的精确测量问题。For low turbidity water samples(turbidity<0.1 NTU),the test results of different instruments are significantly different,so how to obtain more objective test data is particularly important.Therefore,this paper first presented a new theory of the approximate true turbidity,and introduced its determination method.The approximate ture turbidity,also known as approaching to the true turbidity,refers to an infinite approach to turbidity caused only by suspended particles and colloids,that is,infinitely close to the true value of turbidity.These particles and colloids include:sand,clay,algae,organic matter,microbial organisms and so on.The approximate true turbidity can be obtained by subtracting the turbidity value of laboratory pure water(zero indication error)from the apparent turbidity.The biggest difference between approximate true turbidity and current turbidity concept is that the approximate true turbidity eliminates error of indication caused by light source,instrument optical path,detector type,system stray light,signal value calculation method,calibration verification method and other aspects.The result will be close to the true value of turbidity by eliminating the zero indication error.The concept of approximate true turbidity can effectively solve the problems of accurate measurement in the field of low turbidity.

关 键 词：浊度 表观浊度 近真浊度 低浊样品 零浊度 颗粒物 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程]