面向小尺度地质目标体的地震信号谐波预测拓频技术及应用  

Technology and application of seismic signal harmonic prediction extension processing for small scale geological target body

作　　者：刘立彬[1] 周小平[1] 魏庆 陈双全[2,3] LIU Libing;ZHOU Xiaoping;WEI Qing;CHEN Shuangquan(Geophysical research institute of Shengli Oilfield Branch Co. Sinopec, Dongying 257022, China;State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;CNPC Key Laboratory of Geophysical Prospecting, China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249, China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化胜利油田物探研究院,东营257022 [2]中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京102249 [3]中国石油大学(北京)物探重点实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《物探化探计算技术》2020年第4期460-467,共8页Computing Techniques For Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：国家重大科技专项(2016ZX05006002,2017ZX05072001)。

摘　　要：针对我国东部油田勘探开发中小断层、薄层、薄互层等小尺度地质体的探测需求,开展了地震数据拓频处理方法研究,并在胜利油田实际地震数据提高分辨率处理中进行了应用。在分析信号谐波理论的基础上,在实际地震数据提高分辨率处理中,提出了进行谐波与次谐波预测的地震数据拓频处理技术及流程。合成地震记录实例验证了利用基波预测谐波方法的可行性,在胜利油田面向小尺度地质目标体地震数据处理的应用中,验证了拓频处理技术的正确性,处理后的地震数据的频带宽度得到明显地拓展,达到了提高地震数据分辨率的目的。同时,实际数据经过拓频处理后,地震资料的信噪比也得到很好地保持,研究目标区的小断层的断点清晰。Aiming at the demand of small-scale geological bodies,such as small faults and thin layer in the exploration and development of Eastern oilfield in China,the method of seismic data extension frequency processing and improves the reso-lution of seismic data in Shengli oilfield was studied in this paper.Based on the analysis of signal harmonic theory,a harmonic prediction method using fundamental wave is proposed in this paper.For the real seismic data processing to improve the resolution,the seismic data extension frequency processing technology and processing workfflow for harmonic and sub-harmonic prediction are proposed.The synthetic seismic record example verifies the feasibility of using the fundamental wave prediction harmonic method and in the application of seismic data processing for small scale geological target body in Shengli oilfield.The extension frequency processing technology proposed in this paper is verified.The frequency band width of the processed seismic data is improved obviously,and the purpose of improving the resolution of seismic data is achieved.At the same time,after the real field data processed by the proposed frequency extension method,the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data is maintained,and the breakpoints of the small faults in the target area are also clearer.

关 键 词：小尺度地质体 高分辨 拓频处理 小波变换 谐波预测 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]