马克思恩格斯对立论为什么是错误的  

What Is Wrong with“Marx-Engels Dichotomy”?

作　　者：李佃来[1] LI Dian-lai

机构地区：[1]武汉大学哲学学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《吉林大学社会科学学报》2020年第5期13-22,235,共11页Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(17ZDA103);中宣部文化名家暨“四个一批”人才自主项目。

摘　　要：马克思恩格斯对立论是20世纪20年代以来逐步形成、在当代马克思主义哲学的研究中发生潜在影响的学术观点和阐释路数。马克思恩格斯对立论的主要立论思路和做法,是放大和拔高马克思与恩格斯在辩证法上的差异性,并将恩格斯解读为以自然辩证法为理论前提的直观唯物主义者或自然唯物主义者,但深入思索会发现,马克思恩格斯对立论是建立在对恩格斯的深刻误解与严重"矮化"基础上的。实质上,恩格斯的自然辩证法与马克思的辩证法思想具有根本的一致性,恩格斯也没有因为研究自然辩证法而下降到费尔巴哈式的直观唯物主义的水平,同时他也没有用研究自然界的方式来研究人类历史。恩格斯与马克思存在兴趣点上的差异,但将他们对立起来的观点却是站不住脚的。"Marx-Engels Dichotomy"is a kind of academic viewpoint and interpretation approach which has been gradually formed since the 1920s,and has a potential impact on the research of contemporary Marxist philosophy.Its main thought and practice is to magnify and overstate the differences between Marx and Engels in dialectics,and interpret Engels as a perceptual materialist or a natural materialist with dialectics of nature as the theoretical premise.But if we think deeply,we will find that"Marx-Engels Dichotomy"is based on the serious misinterpretation and undervaluing of Engels.In fact,Engels’dialectics of nature and Marx’s dialectics have a fundamental consistency.His research of natural dialectics did not degrade into Feuerbach’s perceptual materialism,nor did he research human history in the way of researching nature.Engels and Marx had different research interests,but the view of opposing them is untenable.

关 键 词：马克思恩格斯对立论 自然辩证法 直观唯物主义 自然唯物主义 历史 

分 类 号：A811[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]