气候变化背景下张家口地区干旱化趋势  

Changes in drought trends in Zhangjiakou due to global climate change

作　　者：刘淼 周园园[2] 鲁春霞[3] LIU Miao;ZHOU Yuanyuan;LU Chunxia(Hebei Water Resource Research and Water Conservancy Technology Test and Extension Center,Shijiazhuang 050061,Hebei,China;Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes/Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Institute of GeographicSciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省水资源研究与水利技术试验推广中心,河北石家庄050061 [2]中国科学院陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室/中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《草业科学》2020年第7期1416-1423,共8页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07101001);国家自然科学基金(41790424)。

摘　　要：本研究利用1959-2017年逐月的降水和平均气温数据,计算了张家口地区干旱化定量指标,分析了该地区年均、四季、植被生长期及非植被生长期的干湿状况。结果表明:1)年均降水量和温度均呈显著上升趋势,干旱化趋势加重;2)植被生长期和非植被生长期降水量和温度呈上升趋势,但趋势不显著,植被生长期干旱化趋势加重,非植被生长期干旱化趋势减缓;3)春季和秋季降水量上升趋势不显著,温度显著上升,干旱化趋势加重,而夏季和冬季降水量显著上升,夏季温度显著上升,冬季温度上升不显著,干旱化趋势减缓;4)年均、四季、植被生长期和非植被生长期的降水量、温度、干旱化序列均无明显突变;5)冬季降水量、温度的变化对干旱化趋势影响最大;6)尽管研究区降水量在不同研究时段均呈上升趋势,但是同时段的温度也呈上升趋势,温度升高导致蒸发量增加,完全抵销了降水量增加,以致干旱化程度加剧;由于不同研究时段降水和温度的变化程度不同,干旱化程度在不同研究时段表现也不同。Based on monthly precipitation and temperature data of Zhangjiakou from 1959 to 2017,drought index was determined and used to estimate annual and seasonal drought trends as well as trends within vegetative and non-vegetation growth periods.The results were as follows.1)Annual average precipitation and precipitation in summer and winter significantly increased.Precipitation in spring,autumn,and vegetative and non-vegetative growth periods increased,although the trend of change was not significant.2)Annual average temperature and temperature in spring,summer,and autumn showed a significant increasing trend,while that in winter as well as vegetative and non-vegetative growth periods showed a non-significant increasing trend.3)Annual average drought index and drought index in spring,autumn,and vegetative growth period showed a non-significant increasing trend.4)Overall precipitation,temperature,and drought index did not show a significant change across different timescales,including annual average and values in spring,summer,autumn,and winter.5)The greatest effect of precipitation and temperature on drought trend was observed in winter.6)Drought in summer,winter,and non-vegetative growth period showed a non-significant decreasing trend.Although precipitation and temperature in the study area showed increasing trends across different timescales,drought showed an overall increasing trend,because increasing temperature led to excess evapotranspiration,ultimately increasing precipitation.The degree of change in precipitation and temperature varied across different periods,resulting in diverse degrees of drought.

关 键 词：干旱 降水量 气温 张家口地区 季节变化 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P426.616