洛阳乡村民居建筑通风优化策略及效能  

VENTILATION OPTIMIZATION STRATEGY AND EFFICIENCY OF RURAL DWELLINGS IN LUOYANG

作　　者：张芳芳 张群[1] 王江丽 ZHANG Fangfang;ZHANG Qun;WANG Jiangli(School of Architecture,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China;School of Architecture,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,西安710055 [2]河南科技大学建筑学院,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《工业建筑》2020年第7期34-40,共7页Industrial Construction

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51678466,51278414,51408474,51178369)。

摘　　要：寒冷地区风环境设计策略是冬季防风、夏季通风,但通过分析洛阳多年气象站观测数据,结合现场测试,发现洛阳四季主导风向大致相同,故冬、夏季节风需求相互制约。长期以来,传统乡村民居建筑迫于经济和技术限制,采取"重防寒、轻通风"的布局策略,解决生存需求,将就舒适需求。基于洛阳气象数据及室内外实际测试数据,分析风压通风特征并结合理论,在冬季防风前提下,提出改善夏季通风的若干策略。通过模拟不同工况下来流方向差异压差验算效能,得出:当室外平均风速为3 m/s时,室内平均风速比改动前最高提高0.36 m/s,最多可以降低居室温度1.47℃。The design strategy of wind environment in cold areas is windbreak in winter and ventilation in summer.However,through the analysis of the observation data of the weather station in Luoyang for many years,combined with the field test,it is found that the dominant wind direction in Luoyang is roughly the same in the four seasons,so the demands of winter and summer wind are restricted mutually.For a long time,due to economic and technical constraints,traditional rural residential dwellings have adopted the layout strategy of"emphasizing cold protection and neglecting ventilation"to meet the needs of survival and comfort.Based on the meteorological data of Luoyang and the actual indoor and outdoor test data,this paper analyzed the characteristics of wind pressure ventilation,combined with theoretical analysis,and put forward some strategies to improve summer ventilation under the premise of winter windbreak.Finally,by simulating the differential pressure difference in the incoming inflow direction under different working conditions,it was concluded that when the outdoor average wind speed was 3 m/s,the indoor average wind speed was up to 036 m/s higher than that before the change,which could offset the increase in room temperature at most 147℃.

关 键 词：风压通风 通风制约 洛阳乡村民居 寒冷地区 

分 类 号：TU241.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论] TU834