黄河三角洲凹陷区地震勘探振动特征分析  

Analysis of Vibration Characteristics of Seismic Exploration in Subsidence Zone of Yellow River Delta

作　　者：王贤武 饶宇[2,3] 刘美山[3] 张伟 高峰 刘志芳 王凯 WANG Xian-wu;RAO Yu;LIU Mei-shan;ZHANG Wei;GAO Feng;LIU Zhi-fang;WANG Kai(Qinghai Materials Industry Blasting Technology Service Limited Corporation,Xining 810000,China;School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources,Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China;Shengli Branch,Petroleum Engineering Geophysical Limited Corporation,SINOPEC,Dongying 257000,China)

机构地区：[1]青海物产爆破技术服务有限公司,西宁810000 [2]武汉理工大学土木工程与建筑学院,武汉430070 [3]长江科学院水利部岩土力学与工程重点实验室,武汉430010 [4]中石化石油工程地球物理有限公司胜利分公司,东营257000

出　　处：《爆破》2020年第3期40-46,共7页Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51609017)。

摘　　要：地震勘探的振动特性分析是工程安全研究的基础。针对黄河三角洲凹陷区地震勘探震源类型、药柱埋深和药量的不同,采用现场获得地震勘探振动衰减规律和频率分布特征。研究表明:勘探炸药埋深越浅,震源近区地表的振动越大,振动速度衰减更快,振动影响范围更小;一般地,竖向的振动速度为径向的2~5倍,切向的5~10倍;随药量增大和埋深的增加,萨道夫斯基公式的α和K值均有所减小;机械震源振动特性则受到基础硬化程度影响。爆破振动主频率的分布在三个方向差异性明显,径向主振频率10 Hz以下占比82%,切向表现为“两头分布多(>50 Hz和<20 Hz)、中间(20~50 Hz)分布少”的特点,竖向的高频部分(>30 Hz)占比达到68%;机械震源的主频率在三个方向分布基本一致。Vibration characteristics analysis of seismic exploration blasting is the foundation of engineering safety research.Taking the difference of seismic source type,explosive depth and explosive charge used in the subsidence zone of Yellow River delta into account,the attenuation law of blasting vibration and distribution characteristics of main vibration frequency were obtained through field test.The results showed that if the depth of charge was reduced,the vibration of surface near the seismic source would be increased,the attenuation of vibration velocity would be fasten,and the influence range of blasting vibration would be smaller.In general,the vertical component direction had the maximum peak particle velocity(PPV),which was 2~5 times of the PPV in radial component direction and 5~10 times of the PPV in tangential component direction.With the increase of quantity of charge and exploration depth,the values of K andαin the Sadaovsk formula decreased.The vibration characteristics of mechanical source were affected by the degree of foundation hardening.The main frequency distribution of blasting vibration was obviously different in three directions,82%main vibration frequencies were below 10 Hz in radial component direction and 68%were over 30 Hz in vertical component direction.In the tangential direction,main vibration frequencies were mostly below 20 Hz and over 50 Hz,and little between 20 Hz and 50 Hz.The main vibration frequency distribution characteristics of the mechanical source were almost consistent in three directions.

关 键 词：地震勘探 振动衰减 频率分布 机械震源 

分 类 号：TU45[建筑科学—岩土工程]